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Orwell’s Animal Farm VS. The Russian Revolution

Orwell’s Animal Farm VS. The Russian Revolution. Mrs. Prieur. Russian Society. Russia was in an appalling state of poverty while the Tsar lived in luxury. There was tremendous dissatisfaction among working class people. Czar Nicholas II. Czar Nicholas II.

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Orwell’s Animal Farm VS. The Russian Revolution

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  1. Orwell’s Animal FarmVS. The Russian Revolution Mrs. Prieur

  2. Russian Society • Russia was in an appalling state of poverty while the Tsar lived in luxury. There was tremendous dissatisfaction among working class people.

  3. Czar Nicholas II

  4. Czar Nicholas II • A poor leader at best, compared to western leaders • Cruel - sometimes brutal with opponents • Sometimes kind - hired students as spies

  5. Nicholas II • Believed he was the unquestionable leader of Russia appointed by God. • Had unarmed protesters murdered in the streets in 1905.

  6. KARL MARX: THE FATHER OF COMMUNISM

  7. Marx • Marx believed that the private ownership of land should be abolished.

  8. Marx • Believed in a “Communal” way of life where everyone shared in prosperity.

  9. Marx • Invented Communism • “Workers of the world unite", take over government • Died before Russian Revolution

  10. Communism • All people equal • Government owns everything, People own government

  11. Lenin • Lenin adopted Marx’s ideas. He believed that the bourgeoisie (middle class) exploited the workers and must therefore be overthrown.

  12. Vladimir Lenin

  13. Lenin • Lenin understood the emotional impact of simple, powerful slogans like • “Workers of the world unite!”

  14. Lenin • Changed Russia’s name to the USSR (United Soviet Socialist Republic)

  15. Lenin Dies • It is believed Lenin ordered Nicholas II murdered • When Lenin died, there was a power struggle between Trotsky and Stalin.

  16. Leon Trotsky

  17. Trotsky • One of the leaders of "October Revolution“ along with Lenin and Stalin • Believed in “pure” communism, followed Marx

  18. Trotsky • Trotsky was a brilliant speaker. With Lenin he succeeded in overthrowing the government in October 1917. Lenin was the President, Trotsky the Commissar for Foreign Affairs.

  19. Commissar • Former name of a head of a government department in the Soviet Union. Like Secretary of State

  20. Trotsky • Trotsky favored world revolution. • He wanted to improve life for all Russians • Chased away by Lenin's KGB (Lenin's secret police)

  21. Civil War • From 1918 –1921 there was civil war. Foreign countries including Britain, France, Poland and USA were alarmed at the spread of communism but the Red Army (the Bolsheviks) led by Trotsky proved successful.

  22. Joseph Stalin

  23. Stalin • Stalin continually opposed Trotsky • He was an average speaker; not educated like Trotsky • Didn't exactly follow Marx's ideas

  24. Stalin • Craved power, willing to kill for it • Used KGB, allowed church, and utilized propaganda

  25. Propaganda • Information spread with the intention of furthering a specific idea or cause. • The manipulation and control of language.

  26. Propaganda Department of Stalin’s government • Worked for Stalin to support his political views • Deliberate lies were used to convince the people to follow Stalin

  27. Stalin • Benefited from the fact that education was controlled

  28. Stalin takes Control • In his sinister way, Stalin secured his power base, and engineered the permanent exile of Trotsky in 1929.

  29. The exiled Trotsky was still very useful to Stalin as he now had Trotsky to blame for all the problems and difficulties that Russia suffered.

  30. Politburo : • This was the policy-making body of the Communist party’s Central Committee. In reality it was merely a force to carry out Stalin’s orders and secure his position as dictator.

  31. Cheka/OGPU/NKVD/KGB: • These were the various names/ initials given to the secret police during Stalin’s dictatorship.

  32. KGB - Secret Police • Not really police, but forced all to support Stalin • Used force; often killed entire families for minor disobedience • Totally loyal, part of Lenin's power, even over army

  33. Religion • Marx said religion was the “opiate of the people" and a lie • He believed it was only used to make people not complain and do their work

  34. Religion • Religion was tolerated because people would work and not complain • Stalin knew religion would stop violent revolutions

  35. Tricked Dedicated Supporters • People believed Stalin because he was "Communist" • Many stayed loyal after it was obvious Stalin was a tyrant • Supporters were ultimately betrayed by Stalin who ignored and killed them

  36. Overall details of Russian Revolution • Supposed to fix problems from Czar • Life was even worse long after revolution • Stalin made Czar look like a nice guy

  37. Kulaks : • These were the land-owning peasants who did not want their farms to be collectivized after the revolution. From 1929, Stalin began to exterminate them as a class.

  38. 5 Year Plans • From 1927-1932, new economic plans, called the five-year plans, were introduced. The purpose was to improve industry

  39. Germany and Great Britain : • Stalin negotiated with both Germany and Great Britain. The Russo-German pact of August 1939 allowed Russia to occupy eastern Poland while Germany occupied the rest.

  40. Germany and Great Britain • On 22 June, 1941, Germany attacked her ally Russia without warning. Thus the unholy alliance between Nazism and Communism fell apart and Russia formed an alliance with Britain and the USA.

  41. Cold War begins • The Tehran conference in 1943 presented the Soviet Union, Britain and America as allies. However, by the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union became an enemy of its allies as the Cold War intensified.

  42. George Orwell

  43. Who is Who • Mr. Jones- Czar Nicholas II • Old Major- Lenin • Snowball- Trotsky • Napoleon- Stalin

  44. Who is Who • Dogs-KGB • Windmill- 5 year plan • Major’s Skull-Lenin’s Body • Battle of the Cowshed- Russian Civil War

  45. Who is Who • Frederick- Hitler • Animal Executions – Stalin’s Purge • Battle of the Windmill – World War II • Card Game- Tehran Conference • Pilkington- FDR

  46. QuestionsforAnalysis

  47. #1 • Who had the ideas in the beginning that inspired the rebellions?

  48. #2 • What are the real enemies of Communism according to Marx, Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky?

  49. #3 and #4 • Who does Stalin blame anytime a problem arises? Why do you think Stalin blames this person?

  50. #5 and #6 • Who would you associate with this quote? Marx, Lenin Stalin or Trotsky? Why did you choose that person? • “All men are equal but some are more equal than others”

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