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Chapter 8: The Spirit of Reform Section 1: Jacksonian America 1829-1837

Chapter 8: The Spirit of Reform Section 1: Jacksonian America 1829-1837. Essential Question:. Champion of the “Common Man”?. “King” Andrew?. OR. First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815. General Jackson During the Seminole Wars. The Common Man’s Presidential Candidate.

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Chapter 8: The Spirit of Reform Section 1: Jacksonian America 1829-1837

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  1. Chapter 8: The Spirit of Reform Section 1: Jacksonian America 1829-1837

  2. Essential Question: Champion of the “Common Man”? “King”Andrew? OR

  3. First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815

  4. General Jackson During the Seminole Wars

  5. The Common Man’sPresidential Candidate

  6. 1828 Election Results

  7. Voting Requirements in the Early 19c

  8. Increased Democratization? • White male suffrage increased- no property restrictions • Caucus vs. national nominating convention • Spoils system? Party loyalty and support • Rise of Third Parties- Whigs (England-limit power of King) • Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) • Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: • Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs (1832)  Republicans (1854) • Democrats (1828)

  9. The Reign of “King Mob”

  10. The Nullification Crisis British try to flood U.S. with cheap goods; tariff raised 1824, 1828 • Vice-president John C. Calhoun calls 1828 Tariff of Abominations • • Thinks South pays for North’s prosperity; cotton prices low • Calhoun devises nullification theory: - states can reject laws they consider unconstitutional - states have right to leave Union if nullification denied

  11. The Webster-Hayne Debate Sen. Daniel Webster Union[MA] Sen. Robert Hayne States’ Rights[SC]

  12. South Carolina Rebels • South Carolina declares 1828, 1832 tariffs null; threatens to secede • Congress passes Force Bill: can use army, navy against S. Carolina • Henry Clay proposes tariff that lowers duties over 10 years

  13. Jacksonian Opposition • Jackson Opposes the Bank • Jackson vetoes bill to re-charter Second Bank of the United States • Presents bank as privileged institution that favors the wealthy • Pet Banks • Jackson puts federal money in state banks loyal to Democratic Party • Whig Party Forms • People unhappy with Jackson form Whig Party, back American System

  14. 1832 Cartoon

  15. Essential Question: Champion of the “Common Man”? “King”Andrew? OR

  16. Results of the Specie Circular • Banknotes loose their value. • Land sales plummeted. • Credit not available. • Businesses began to fail. • Unemployment rose. The Panic of 1837!

  17. The 1836 Election Results Dem- Martin Van Buren “Old Kinderhook”[O. K.]

  18. Indian Removal • Jackson’s Goal? • 1830 Indian Removal Act • Cherokee Nation v. GA(1831)* “domestic dependent nation” • Worcester v. GA(1832) • Jackson:John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!

  19. The Cherokee Nation After 1820

  20. Indian Removal

  21. Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

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