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Development of an integrated algal bio-refinery for polysaccharide and bio-fuel production

Development of an integrated algal bio-refinery for polysaccharide and bio-fuel production . Cesar Moreira 1 , Murali Raghavendran 2 , Yatin Behl 2 , Spyros Svoronos 2 , Edward Philps 3 , Pratap Pullammanappallil 1 1 Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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Development of an integrated algal bio-refinery for polysaccharide and bio-fuel production

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  1. Development of an integrated algal bio-refinery for polysaccharide and bio-fuel production Cesar Moreira1, Murali Raghavendran2, Yatin Behl2, Spyros Svoronos2, Edward Philps3, Pratap Pullammanappallil1 1Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2Department of Chemical Engineering 3School of Forest Resources and Conservation

  2. Current approaches for bio-fuel production from microalgae Algae Ethanol Hydrocarbons Anaerobic Digestion Gasification Pyrolysis Supercritical fluids Lipids Hydrogen Syngas Liquid or vapor fuel Polysacchari-des. Higher alcohols synthesis Fisher Tropsch synthesis Catalytic Upgrading Catalytic Upgrading Liquid hydrogen fuels Biogas Hydrogen Methanol, Ethanol, etc Transportation fuels liquid or gas Modified from: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/algal_biofuels_roadmap.pdf

  3. Integrated processes for bio-ethanol and bio-diesel production from microalgae Source: Third generation of bio-fuels from microalgae. Dragone et.al., 2012

  4. Algae strain used in this project SynechococcusBG 0011 Courtesy of Dr. Edward Philps

  5. Comparison of algae strains currently being studied for byofuelsvsSynechococcus Disadvantages of existing microalgae feedstocks Advantages of Synechococcus sp • Excellent means of capturing sunlight and atmospheric carbon dioxide • Occurs in natural environments (Discovered and isolated by Dr. Edward Phlips from a shallow lake in the Florida Keys) • Produces exo-polysaccharide (no need for cell disruption) • Nitrogen fixing bacteria (no need for nitrogen addition) • Able to grow in high salinity environment (up to 75 psu) • The polysaccharide can be used as a feedstock to produce liquid bio-fuels (e.g. butanol) or other bio-products • The cyanobacteria culture with the polysaccharide can be fed to the digester to produce methane • Mostly fresh water algae • Requires harvesting and dewatering of algae • Requires addition of nutrients i.e. Nitrogen and Phosphorous • Utilize GMO (genetically modified organisms) • Possibility of contamination of algal bioreactors

  6. Options for utilizing Synechococcus BG011 for biofuels and bioproducts Option 1 Raceway pond/Bioreactor harvest polysaccharides Separation Ethanol/Butanol Bio-products cells

  7. Option 2 CH4 Biogas (CH4 + CO2) Seed and grow out cultures Anaerobic Digestion Harvest Raceway pond/bioreactor Land application/Nitrogen fertilizer Effluent and residue

  8. Option 3 Biogas (CH4 + CO2) CH4 Anaerobic Digestion Raceway pond/bioreactor Polysaccharides production Land application/Nitrogen fertilizer Effluent and residue

  9. Algae growth -Schematic of the growing chamber

  10. Algae growth using air flow 0.5 l/min Semi continuous phase started Sample volume= 5ml/day Water loss by evaporation= 3ml/day

  11. Algae growth using air flow 0.5 l/min y = 0.0087 e0.3314x R2 = 0.9365 µ = 0.33 days-1

  12. Validation of biomass measurement method µ = 0.31 days-1

  13. Validation of biomass measurement method

  14. Preliminary results on characterization Cyanobacterium suspension (100g) VS 3.82% Centrifugation Supernatant 99.35% Ash 1.11% Oven dry Pellet 0.65% Water 94.41% Ultrafiltration >100kDa 4.34% >30kDa<100kDa 3.18% <30 kDa 91.83% Freeze dry <30 kDa 3.74g >100 kDa 15.84% >30kDa<100kDa 13.67% <30 kDa 9.17% >30kDa<100kDa 0.48g Oven dry >100 kDa 0.71g

  15. Preliminary results on characterization Mnav : 4.5648 e6 g/mol Mwav : 4.6243e6 g/mol Mz : 4.7065e6 g/mol P.I.: 1.013

  16. Future work • Enrichment of air supplied to the photobioreactors with CO2 • Characterization of exopolysaccharide • Optimize production of exopolysaccharide with respect to salinity, partial pressure of CO2, light intensity and exposure time, pH and micronutrients. • Adapt, optimize and validate techniques commercially developed for saccharification of polysaccharides and ligno-cellulosic biomass for saccharification of exopolysaccharide. • Anaerobically digest exopolysaccharide containing cell cultures to quantify methane potential and identify best temperature range for digester operation.

  17. Questions

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