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Bio-fuels Production. Biomass. Canola. Biodiesel. Ethanol. Cellulosic Ethanol Production. Cellulosic Feedstock. 2 nd Pretreatment (convert cellulose into Glucose). Glucose fermentation. Lignin. 1 st Pretreatment (convert hemi-cellulose into xylose and reduce
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Bio-fuels Production Biomass Canola Biodiesel Ethanol John Nowatzki - Ag & Biosystems Engineering, NDSU (9-2006)
Cellulosic Ethanol Production Cellulosic Feedstock 2nd Pretreatment (convert cellulose into Glucose) Glucose fermentation Lignin 1st Pretreatment (convert hemi-cellulose into xylose and reduce size and open up structure of cellulose) Simultaneous saccharification & fermentation Distillation to recover ethanol Ethanol Fuel for heat and electricity Lignin Fermentation of xylose and other simple sugars from hemi-cellulose John Nowatzki - Ag & Biosystems Engineering, NDSU (9-2006)
Grain Ethanol ProductionDry Milling Process Grain Grain Fermentation Fermentation CO2 Denaturing Beer 200 190 Distillation Distillation Dehydration Dehydration Ethanol Grind Grind Proof Proof Whole Stillage Centrification Centrification Wet Grains Thin Stillage Dried Liquify Liquify & Cook & Cook Syrup Distillers Dryer Dryer Evaporation Evaporation Grains Distillers Saccharify Saccharify Distillers Distillers Solubles Solubles Grains w/Solubles Enzymes John Nowatzki - Ag & Biosystems Engineering, NDSU (9-2006)
Catalyst Catalyst Catalyst Catalyst Catalyst Catalyst – – – Methyl Methyl Methyl Purification Purification Purification Methanol Methanol Methanol Quality Quality Quality Mixing Mixing Mixing Ester Ester Ester Recovery Recovery Recovery Control Control Control Methanol Methanol Methanol Recycled Recycled Recycled Methanol Methanol Methanol Vegetable Oils Vegetable Oils Vegetable Oils Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical Transesterification Transesterification Transesterification Used Cooking Oils Used Cooking Oils Used Cooking Oils Glycerin Glycerin Glycerin Animal Fats Animal Fats Animal Fats Crude Biodiesel Crude Biodiesel Crude Biodiesel Glycerin Glycerin Glycerin Puricication Puricication Puricication Crude Crude Crude Methanol Methanol Methanol Neutralizing Acid Neutralizing Acid Neutralizing Acid Re Re Re - - - neutralizaton neutralizaton neutralizaton Phase Separation Phase Separation Phase Separation Neutralization Neutralization Neutralization Glycerin Glycerin Glycerin Recovery Recovery Recovery Biodiesel Production Process John Nowatzki - Ag & Biosystems Engineering, NDSU (9-2006)
Biodiesel Fuel Characteristics John Nowatzki - Ag & Biosystems Engineering, NDSU (9-2006)
Ethanol Fuel Characteristics E85 E85 Gasohol Gasohol Gasoline Gasoline Ethanol Ethanol 85 % Ethanol 85 % Ethanol – – 10 % Ethanol 10 % Ethanol – – E100 E100 15 % Gasoline 15 % Gasoline 90 % Gasoline 90 % Gasoline BTU BTU ’ ’ s/Gal s/Gal 84,400 84,400 90,000 90,000 120,900 120,900 125,000 125,000 Octane Octane 100 92 87 87 - - 93 93 98 Number Number Equitable Equitable $2.02/gal $2.02/gal $2.16/gal $2.16/gal $2.90/gal $2.90/gal $3.00/gal $3.00/gal Value Value (BTU) (BTU) John Nowatzki - Ag & Biosystems Engineering, NDSU (9-2006)
Bio-fuel Information 1. 10-year average ND yields, ND Agricultural Statistics Service. 2. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Bioethanol Multi-Year Technical Plan, Preliminary Draft (Golden, CO, July 1999). 3. Iogen Corporation, Ottowa, CA John Nowatzki - Ag & Biosystems Engineering, NDSU (9-2006)
