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HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD

HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD. The 1930s Part One. Dr. Curtis Cole Trent University in Oshawa. January 11, 2010. The 1930s: Part One. The Great Depression. The 1930s: Part One. Impact of the Depression Social Political Constitutional Administrative Psychological.

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HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD

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  1. HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD The 1930s Part One Dr. Curtis Cole Trent University in Oshawa January 11, 2010

  2. The 1930s: Part One The Great Depression

  3. The 1930s: Part One Impact of the Depression • Social • Political • Constitutional • Administrative • Psychological The Great Depression

  4. The 1930s: Part One The Dirty Thirties

  5. The 1930s: Part One The Dirty Thirties

  6. The 1930s: Part One The Roaring Twenties

  7. The 1930s: Part One The Roaring Twenties

  8. The 1930s: Part One Summer, 1929 • construction down • car inventories up • freight car loadings down • industrial production down • wholesale prices down The Roaring Twenties

  9. The 1930s: Part One The Crash • Oct. 21: Market sharply down • Oct. 23: Down further • Oct. 29: BLACK TUESDAY The Roaring Twenties

  10. The 1930s: Part One The Crash NY Stock Exchange Floor, Oct. 29, 1929

  11. The 1930s: Part One The Crash • Total Losses Oct. 1929: $16 billion • Oct. 25 – Nov. 8: down 40%

  12. The 1930s: Part One The Crash Dow Jones Industrials, June 1929 – May 1933

  13. The 1930s: Part One Causes of the Depression: • Not the Stock Market Crash itself • Profits not passed on to producers: labourers, farmers • Too much expansion of industrial capacity • Markets became saturated

  14. The 1930s: Part One Causes of the Depression: • Government Policy: • Inequitable Tax Load Distribution • High Tariffs • Corporate Concentration • Little or No Securities Regulation

  15. The 1930s: Part One Impact on Canada: • Canadian Economy Heavily Dependent on Staple Exports • 1929-1923 Canadian Exports Down 60% • Protective Tariffs • US Hawley-Smoot Tariff, 1930 • 1929-1933 Canadian GNP down 30% • 1933, Unemployment Rate: 30%

  16. The 1930s: Part One Impact on Canada: • 1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down 48% • Saskatchewan Down 72%! • 1927: Wheat >$2.00/bushel • 1933: Wheat <40¢/bushel • High Fixed Debt Load

  17. The 1930s: Part One Impact on Canada: The Dust Bowl

  18. Thomas Malthus 1766-1834 The 1930s: Part One Impact on Canada: • 1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down 48% • Saskatchewan Down 72%! • Nova Scotia Down 36% • Hardest on the Poor • Laissez-Faire

  19. The 1930s: Part One Impact on Canada: • 1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down 48% • Saskatchewan Down 72%! • Nova Scotia Down 36% • Hardest on the Poor • Laissez-Faire Andrew Mellon US Secretary of the Treasury 1929-1932

  20. William Lyon Mackenzie King The 1930s: Part One Politics in Canada: • Liberal Leader Since 1919 • Prime Minister Since 1921 (except summer of 1926) • Election July 28, 1930 • Budget in May

  21. R.B. Bennett Arthur Meighen The 1930s: Part One Politics in Canada: • Conservative Leader Since 1927 • Higher Tariffs • Blast a Way Into The Markets of the World

  22. R.B. Bennett Prime Minister 1930-1935 The 1930s: Part One July 28, 1930 General Election Results: • Conservatives : 137 • Liberals : 91 • Progressives : 12

  23. The 1930s: Part One Provincial Politics: • Manitoba: • 1922-1928: United Farmers of Manitoba • 1928-1931: Progressives • 1931-1940: Liberal-Progressives John Bracken Manitoba Premier 1922-1942

  24. Simon Fraser Tolmie B.C. Premier 1928-1933 The 1930s: Part One Provincial Politics: • British Columbia: • Conservative • Federal Minister of Agriculture, 1919-1921

  25. The 1930s: Part One Provincial Politics: • British Columbia: • Liberal • Tolmie’s Conservatives 3rd • Opposition: CCF Duff Pattullo B.C. Premier 1933-1941

  26. J.S. Woodsworth The 1930s: Part One CCF: • Cooperative Commonwealth Federation: • Founded Calgary, 1932 • Regina Manifesto, 1933 • Universal Health Insurance • Workers’ Compensation • Unemployment Insurance

  27. William Aberhart Alberta Premier 1935-1943 The 1930s: Part One Provincial Politics: • Alberta: • United Farmers of Alberta, 1921-1935 • Social Credit, 1935-1971

  28. George S. Henry Ontario Premier 1930-1934 The 1930s: Part One Provincial Politics: • Ontario:

  29. The 1930s: Part One Provincial Politics: • Ontario: Mitch Hepburn Ontario Premier 1934-1942

  30. Maurice Duplessis Quebec Premier 1936-39, 1944-59 The 1930s: Part One Provincial Politics: • Quebec: • Union Nationale

  31. 1935 Bennett Buggie R.B. Bennett Prime Minister 1930-1935 The 1930s: Part One Bennett’s Government:

  32. R.B. Bennett Prime Minister 1930-1935 The 1930s: Part One Bennett’s Government: • Sept. 1930: 3 measures • Tariff Increase • Anti-Dumping Regulations • Public Works Programs

  33. The 1930s: Part One The United States: • The New Deal • Economic Pump-Priming • Government Regulation • FDR Re-elected 1936, 1940, 1944 (died April, 1945) Franklin D. Roosevelt US President 1933-1945

  34. R.B. Bennett Prime Minister 1930-1935 The 1930s: Part One Bennett’s Government: • 1935: The Little New Deal • Political Desperation • W.D. Herridge

  35. R.B. Bennett Prime Minister 1930-1935 The 1930s: Part One Oct. 23, 1935 General Election Results: • Conservatives : 40 (1930: 137) • Liberals : 171 (1930: 91) • CCF : 7

  36. William Lyon Mackenzie King Prime Minister 1921-26, 1926-30, 1935-48 The 1930s: Part One Oct. 23, 1935 General Election Results: • Conservatives : 40 (1930: 137) • Liberals : 171 (1930: 91) • CCF : 7

  37. HISTORY 304 0 CANADA AND THE WORLD NEXT CLASS The 1930s Part Two Reading: Stacey, vol. II, pp. 194-269 NOTE: Next Class (Jan. 18) Starts at 7:45pm

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