Pretraining project

1. Pretraining project Danielle Summerville May 14, 2011

2. Objectives/Overview • This pre-training project will preview eight multimedia principles for on-line learning. These principles are aimed towards educators who are creating on-line courses. The principles provided are based on research that concludes the best way to present on-line information in a virtual classroom environment.

3. Pretraining • Below you will find eight multimedia principles for on-line learning. Please click on the button for each principle below to view an overview of each principle. Multimedia Principle Coherence Principle Contiguity Principle Personalization Principle Modality Principle Segmenting Principle Redundancy Principle Pretraining Principle

4. Multimedia Principle • E-learning courses should include words and graphics rather than words alone. The graphics should be relevant to the information that is being presented.

5. Example: Multimedia Principle This is an example of a Venn Diagram. A Venn Diagram has three circles which overlap each other. The overlap indicates similarities that those characters have, while the part of the circle that stands alone represents qualities that only a single character has. Individual Qualities Shared Qualities

6. Contiguity Principle • In a presentation , printed text and graphics should be presented near each other on the screen. Furthermore, speech and graphics should also be presented at the same time.

7. Example: Contiguity Principle This flow chart shows the relationship among the main characters in “To Kill a Mockingbird.” Atticus is the father of both Jem and Scout. Atticus Jem Scout

8. Modality Principle • In an E-learning presentation, words should be presented as speech, rather than on-screen text.

9. Example: Modality Principle

10. Redundancy Principle • Avoid e-learning courses that contain redundant onscreen text presented at the same time as onscreen graphics and narration. Learners will pay so much attention to the printed words that they will pay less attention to the accompanying graphic.

11. Bad Example: Redundancy Principle This is an example of a Venn Diagram. A Venn Diagram has three circles which overlap each other. The overlap indicates similarities that those characters have, while the part of the circle that stands alone represents qualities that only a single character has.

12. Coherence Principle • Avoid adding unnecessary material that does not support the instructional goal. Remain as uncluttered as possible.

13. Bad Example: Coherence Principle What tone did Emily Dickinson’s “Moon Poem” evoke in you?

14. Better • What tone did Emily Dickinson’s “Moon Poem” evoke in you?

15. Personalization Principle • E-learning courses should include some spoken or printed text that is conversational rather than formal. In addition, on-screen coaches should be used to promote learning.

16. Example: Personalization Principle Let’s stop and think!!

17. Segmenting Principle • Break a continuous lesson into bite-size segments. When the material is complex, you can help the learner by breaking the lesson into manageable segments.

18. Pretraining Principle • Pretraining should be provided in the names of characteristics of the key concepts in a lesson. The purpose and goal of pretraining is to ease students into a lesson so that the information isn’t so overwhelming.