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Cinematic Level. The items that make a movie a movie! What you see on film cannot be seen anywhere else!. Shot. A single, uninterrupted piece of film The image that is seen on-screen until it is replaced by another image through editing
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The items that make a movie a movie! • What you see on film cannot be seen anywhere else!
Shot • A single, uninterrupted piece of film • The image that is seen on-screen until it is replaced by another image through editing • If the camera moves while still filming, but without breaks, that is still one shot • Practice: Snap every time you see a new shot in these clips.
Mise en Scene • Pronounced: meez en sen • Visual arrangement of all visual elements within an area • Used to be “stage” • Now….the screen
Framing • How the object in the shot will be positioned and filmed. • How much of the frame of the screen the object will occupy • Similar to cropping in photography • 3 main types
Long Shot • Object on screen appears small or far away • Oftentimes used as an “establishing shot” • To show where the film takes place • Location, time • Objects and characters may seem unclear or indistinct because of a lack of detail
Long Shot Enemy of the State
Effects of a Long Shot? • Show where the action will take place. • Force the viewer to focus on one or two things in focus • Those must be important • To show that something is weak or powerless • It’s so small physically and power-ly!
Close-Up • Object in focus takes up about 80% of the screen space • Object appears very large • Forces viewer to look at ONLY what the director intends
Close-Up The Graduate
Effects of a Close Up? • Object in frame is to be seen as important. • Often used as foreshadowing. • Can show characters’ reactions. • Can show emotions. • Can create tension since only a small portion of “the real world” is on screen (while other stuff must be happening!)
Medium Shot • From about the waist up • The most common and most naturalistic framing choice • A “neutral framing” • Seems comfortable and unobtrusive • What does unobtrusive mean?
Medium Shot • Effects? Dodgeball
Camera Angles • Where the camera will be placed in relation to the subject • There are 4 main angles directors use
Low Angle • Camera is below the subject being filmed The Graduate
Effects of a Low Angle? • Framed item is seen “from below.” • Item looks large = powerful • Item can be seen as • Powerful • Dominant • Important • Could just be about location – looking UP at something!
High Angle • Camera is above the subject being filmed Fargo
Effects of a High Angle? • Framed item is seen “from above.” • Item looks small = weak • Item can be seen as • Weak • Powerless • Inferior • Could just be about location – looking DOWN at something.
The Graduate Psycho Mission Impossible
Eye Level • Camera is at the same level as the subject being shot. • This is a “neutral camera angle”
Dutch Angle • Object in the frame is “canted” or angled The Shining
Effects of a Dutch Angle • Object in frame is “tilted.” • Object is literally “off kilter” • Could imply that the scene is emotionally off kilter or imbalanced. • Situation is unstable
Camera Movement • Pan • When a camera pivots on a horizontal axis • Side to side! • Tilt • When a camera pivots on a vertical axis • Up and down!
Zoom • Focal length of a camera changes • More or less of an object is “framed” • Tracking / Dolly Shots • Camera actually moves! • Could be around, into, above, or through a subject
Lighting • The principle source of light for filming • 3 main types
Low-Key Lighting • Much darkness • Many shadows Double Indemnity
Effects of Low-Key Lighting • Many shadows are created • Ohhh….scary! • Suspense • Uncertainty • Doubt
High-Key Lighting • Brightness • Openness • Lack of shadows Yankee Doodle Dandy
Effects of High-Key Lighting • No shadows • Everything is washed in full light • Excitement • “On the level” - honest
Bottom / Side / Back Lighting • When the light source is either from the bottom, side, or back of the subject. • Certain features are highlighted (no pun intended)