The Holy Spirit

1. The Holy Spirit Prepared by Chris Reeves for the Memorial Bvd. church of Christ Fall Quarter 2004

2. Why Study the Holy Spirit? • He is the neglected member of the Godhead • Neglected in preaching and study (Ac. 19:2) • “Holy Spirit” is found 94 times in the Bible • God (18th c.) and Jesus (19th c.) have been given attention, but what about the H.S.? • “Holy Ghost” vs. “Holy Spirit” (see KJV on Lk. 4:1; Jn. 7:39; Acts 2:4; 1 Cor. 2:10-14) • “Ghost” (A.S. gast) originally meant “soul,” but could be thought of as a pale, shadowy apparition

3. Why Study the Holy Spirit? • He is the neglected member of the Godhead • Neglected in preaching and study (Ac. 19:2) • “Spirit” comes from the Heb. ruach, and the Gr. pneuma, meaning breath; wind • “Spirit” used in different ways: human spirit, angels, demons, attitude, and the Holy Spirit • “Spirit” with a capital “S” or small “s”? The context determines!

4. Why Study the Holy Spirit? • He is the neglected member of the Godhead • Neglected in preaching and study (Ac. 19:2) • Neglected in prayer (Jude 20)

5. Why Study the Holy Spirit? • He is the misunderstood member of the Godhead • Misunderstood as to who he is • Misunderstood as to what he does, and how he does it • Denominationalism (direct operation today) • Pentecostalism (miraculous gifts today) • Modernism (denied today)

6. Why Study the Holy Spirit? • He is the misunderstood member of the Godhead • Some pray to the Holy Spirit, and worship the Holy Spirit, but without Bible authority • Others claim baptism in the Holy Spirit (FGCBMF), but are not unified (1 Cor. 12:13)

7. Why Study the Holy Spirit? • To Understand His Presence (from Gen. 1:2 to Rev. 22:17) • To Appreciate More His Mission (Jn. 16:8) • To Speak Correctly of Him (Tit. 2:1,8) • To Be Able to Refute Errors Taught About Him (Ac. 8:17-20) • To Accept His All-Sufficient Word (Jn. 14:26) • To Be His Temple (1 Cor. 6:19)

8. Who is the Holy Spirit? • He is a real being • He is not just a human emotional feeling; a “better-felt-than-told” experience. • He is real • What we know about the Holy Sprit is determined by Scripture, not by feeling (Rom. 10:17; Heb. 1:1-2)

9. Who is the Holy Spirit? • He is a spirit being • He is not a physical being (Lk. 24:39), though he may indwell a bodily form (Lk. 3:22; Jn. 1:33). • He is a spirit (Gen. 1:2)

10. Who is the Holy Spirit? • He is a personal being • He is not an “it;” an impersonal force, energy or influence that pervades the universe (popular in ancient Greek philosophy). • He is a person (Jn. 16:7-8,13-14, etc.) • He has personal traits (Rom. 15:30; etc.) • He has personal actions (Ac. 13:2,4; etc.) • He shares personal relations (Mt. 28:19; etc.) • He suffers personal injury (Mt. 12:32; Ac. 7:51; Eph. 4:30, etc.)

11. Who is the Holy Spirit? • He is a divine being • He is not an angel, or God’s “power” but a separate member of the Godhead (Lk. 1:35). • He possesses the name of deity (Ac. 5:3-4) • He possesses the attributes deity (Heb. 9:14) • He performs the works of deity (Gen. 1:1-2; Jn. 3:5)

12. Who is the Holy Spirit? • The Holy Spirit Is … • Real • Spirit • Divine • Personal

13. Who is the Holy Spirit? • Man-made arguments against the personhood of the Holy Spirit… • “The word for spirit (Gr. pneuma) is neuter (Rom. 8:16,26)” • Answer: A neuter word is determined by the context • The term “Holy Spirit” is not a name • Answer: A name is not necessary to be a person

14. Who is the Holy Spirit? • Man-made arguments against the personhood of the Holy Spirit… • The Holy Spirit is not a “family” member like “Father” or Son” • Answer: “Father” and “Son” are not strict biological family terms when applied to deity • The Holy Spirit has not been manifest as a person • Answer: Jesus was not manifest as a person prior to his incarnation, yet he was a person

15. Who is the Holy Spirit? • Man-made arguments against the personhood of the Holy Spirit… • The Holy Spirit was “poured out” (Joel 2:28) • Answer: The Greek is “I will pour out from (apo) the Holy Spirit…” • The Holy Spirit is the power of God (Lk. 1:35) • Answer: The context show the H.S. working along side of God

16. Who is the Holy Spirit? • Let us have a greater appreciation for the Holy Spirit’s interest in us • If the Holy Spirit is striving for us to be saved, let us put forth greater effort in our own behalf

17. Why Study the Godhead? • All that we know about the Godhead comes from the Bible • Because we must instruct others about who is divine (Mt. 22:41-46)

18. The Godhead • Defining the Godhead • English term: the word “Trinity” (three-in-one) is not in the Bible, but the doctrine is • Hebrew terms: “God” (El and Elohim) = strength; mighty; deity; God

19. The Godhead • Defining the Godhead • Greek terms: • “God” (theos) = the person of God (Mt. 1:23; etc.) • “Godhead” or “Divine” (theios) = the quality of deity (Ac. 17:29; NASV; 2 Pet. 1:3,4) • “Godhead” (theotes) = the essence of deity (Col. 2:9) • “Divinity” (theiotes) = the attributes of deity (Rom. 1:20)

20. The Godhead • Three Truths of the Godhead 1. Unity: one Godhead (Deut. 6:4; Isa. 45:5; Jas. 2:19) 2. Individuality: one Godhead in three persons (e.g., one humanity made up of many persons; and one deity made up of three persons) • Gen. 1:26-27 • Lk. 3:21-22 • Jn. 14:16-17; 15:26; 16:14 • Acts 7:55

21. The Godhead • Three Truths of the Godhead 3. Divinity: three persons who are fully divine, same in nature and essence (like H20 as a solid, liquid and vapor) • the Father is “God” divine (Eph. 4:6) • God the Son is “God” divine (Heb. 1:8) • God the H.S. is “God” divine (Ac. 5:3-4)

22. The Godhead

23. The Godhead • Denials of the Godhead • Denials of the unity of the Godhead (Polytheism, Tritheism, Mormonism) • Denials of the individuality of the Godhead (Gnosticism, Monarchianism, Sabellianism, Marcellianism, United Pentecostals) • Denials of the divinity of the Godhead (Subordinationism, Arianism, J.W.s, Unitarians)

24. The Godhead • Revelation of the Godhead • The doctrine of the Godhead is found only in the Bible… • Mt. 28:19; Lk. 1:35; 1 Cor. 12:4-6; 2 Cor. 13:14; Eph. 4:4-6; Tit. 3:4-6; 1 Pet. 1:2; Jude 20-21; Rev. 1:4-5

25. Works of the Godhead Creation (Gen.1:1-2) Incarnation (Lk. 1:35) Identification (Mt. 3:16-17) Redemption (Tit. 3:4-6) Propitiation (Heb. 9:14) Works of the Godhead Resurrection (Rom. 8:11) Inspiration (Jn. 15:26) Delegation (Jn. 20:21-22) Sanctification (Jude 20-21) Benediction (2 Cor. 13:14) The Godhead

26. The Godhead • Man-made Arguments Against the Godhead • “The Bible says God is ‘one’ (Deut. 6:4; Jn. 10:30)” • Answer: Both passages refer to unity, not the numeral one (see Jn. 17:11,21; 1 Cor. 3:8; 6:16). Deut. 6:4 teaches that God is united, not that God is one (singular) person

27. The Godhead • Practical Lessons from the Godhead • All three created us because they wanted to (Gen. 1:1-2; Jn. 1:1-3), so we should be honored (Psa. 8:4-5) • All three sustain us , so we should be thankful (Ac. 17:25; Col. 1:17; Psa. 104:30)

28. The Godhead • Practical Lessons from the Godhead • All three desire our salvation, so we should be obedient (Tit. 3:3-4; Mt. 28:19) • All three work together in unity for our good, so we should be unified in the home (Gen. 1:26-27; 2:24; Eph. 5:31), and in the church (Eph. 4:1-6)

29. The Holy Spirit and Jesus • The Holy Spirit and the Coming of Jesus (Isa. 11:2; 61:1) • The Holy Spirit and the Birth of Jesus (Mt. 1:18,20; Isa. 7:14; Lk. 1:35) • The Holy Spirit and the Baptism of Jesus (Mt. 3:13-17; Lk. 3:21-22; Mk. 1:10; Jn. 1:31-34; 3:34)

30. The Holy Spirit and Jesus • The Holy Spirit and the Temptation of Jesus (Mt. 4:1ff; Mk. 1:12; Lk. 4:1ff,14) • The Holy Spirit and the Ministry of Jesus (Isa. 11:1-2; 42:1-2; 48:16; 59:21; 61:1-3; Mt. 12:18-21,28; Lk. 4:14-15,18-21; 10:21; Ac. 1:2; 4:27; 10:38) • The Holy Spirit and the Death, Resurrection, & Ascension of Jesus (Heb. 9:14; Rom. 1:4; 8:11; Ac. 2:32-36; Jn. 16:14)

31. The Holy Spirit and Jesus • The H.S. gave witness to Jesus (1 Jn. 5:6-8) • Those who are led by the H.S. recognize Jesus (1 Cor. 12:3) • Jesus was under the complete control and influence of the Holy Spirit … how about you today (Rom. 8:4ff)? • Facing temptation today? • Going about doing good today? • Life from the dead today?

32. Direct Line of Divine Revelationfrom God to Man God Holy Spirit Prophets Apostles Scripture All Mankind

34. Holy Spirit Revelation • Scripture is the mind of God revealed through the H.S. (1 Cor. 2:9-13; 2 Tim. 3:16) • Scripture is not the private and personal opinions of man (2 Pet. 1:20-21) • Scripture contains all the truth, past-present-future, given by the H.S. (Jn. 14:26; 15:26; 16:8-14)

35. Holy Spirit Revelation • Prophets spoke by the H.S. (2 Sam. 23:2; 1 Chron. 28:12; Neh. 9:30; Mt. 22:43; Mk. 12:36; 13:11; Lk. 2:25-26; 12:12; Ac. 1:2,16; 2:4; 4:25; 20:23; 21:11; 28:25; Rom. 9:1; 1 Cor. 12:7-11; 1 Thess. 1:5; Heb. 3:7; 9:8; 10:15-16; 1 Pet. 1:10-12; 1 Tim. 4:1; Rev. 2:7; 14:13) • Resisting the Scripture is resisting the H.S. (Neh. 9:30; Isa. 63:10; Ac. 7:51-52)

36. Holy Spirit Revelation • The Truth of the Holy Spirit Is Now … • Revealed to Us – We should study and know it (Ephesians 3:3-5) • Confirmed for Us – We can believe and trust it (Hebrews 2:3-4) • Completed for Us – We must not add to it or take from it (John 16:13) • Life-giving in Us – We must obey it and apply it (John 6:68)

37. Holy Spirit Baptism • Mainline denominations following Calvinism refer to it as an “experience of grace” • Pentecostal churches refer to it as a “second work of grace” • What does the Bible teach?

38. Holy Spirit Baptism • Who administered Holy Spirit baptism? • Jesus (Mt.3:11; Mk.1:8; Lk.3:16; Jn.1:33; Ac. 2:33)

39. Holy Spirit Baptism • To whom was Holy Spirit baptism promised? • Holy Spirit baptism was promised by… • the prophets (Joel 2:28-32; cf. Ac.2:17-18) • John the Baptist (Mt.3:11; Mk.1:8; Lk.3:16; Jn.1:33; cf. Ac.1:4-5) • Jesus (Lk.24:48-49; Jn.14-16; 20:22; Ac.1:4-5,8; 2:33)

40. Holy Spirit Baptism • To whom was Holy Spirit baptism promised? • Holy Spirit baptism was promised to the Apostles only (Ac.1:2-8,11-13,17,20,21-25,26; 2:1-4,7,14-15,32,37,42-43; 4:8,31). It was promised to a few men, not to all men for all time

41. Holy Spirit Baptism • To whom was Holy Spirit baptism promised? • Wasn’t Holy Spirit baptism promised to “all flesh” (Joel 2:28)? Yes, but this was fulfilled when the Holy Spirit came upon the Apostles (Jews) in Acts 2, and the household of Cornelius (Gentiles) in Acts 10. No other case of Holy Spirit baptism is recorded in the New Testament!

42. Holy Spirit Baptism • When and where did Holy Spirit baptism take place? • There are only two recorded cases of Holy Spirit baptism in the New Testament, Acts 2 and Acts 10. The household of Cornelius was baptized in the Holy Spirit, and the Holy Spirit baptism on that occasion was just like that of the Apostles in Ac.2:1-4 (see Ac.10:44-45; 11:15-17; 15:7-11).

43. Holy Spirit Baptism • Why was Holy Spirit baptism given? • Demonstration – To demonstrate that the kingdom of God had come with power (Mk.9:1; Ac.1:8; 2:1-4) • Inspiration – The Apostles received all the promises of Jesus in Jn.14-16 when they received Holy Spirit baptism in Ac.2:1-4 • Confirmation – The Apostles were able to confirm their message with miracles because of their Holy Spirit baptism (Mk. 16:20; Heb. 2:3-4) • Reception – Holy Spirit baptism upon the household of Cornelius showed the Jews that Gentiles can be saved and accepted by God just as the Jews (Ac.10:34,44-45,47; 11:3,14,17-18; 15:7-11)

44. Holy Spirit Baptism • What happened at Holy Spirit baptism? • Holy Spirit baptism was always accompanied by miraculous manifestations that could be verified by the senses – both audible and visible (Ac.2:1-4; 10:46)

45. Holy Spirit BaptismWater Baptism 1. A Promise 1. A Command 2. By Christ Only 2. By Anyone 3. In the Holy Spirit 3. In Water 4. Not Into Christ 4. Into Christ 5. Did Not Save 5. Does Save 6. Not Into the Name 6. Into the Name 7. To Inspire/Confirm 7. To Forgive Sins 8. Limited to Apostles/Cornelius 8. For All Penitent Believers 9. Man Passive 9. Man Active 10. God Chose the Candidates 10. Whosoever Wills 11. Tongue Speaking Followed 11. Rejoicing Followed 12. No Prerequisites 12. Hear, Believe, Repent, Confess 13. Ended by A.D. 64 13. Unto the End of the World

46. New Testament TonguesAlleged Tongues Today 1. Holy Spirit-induced 1. Self-induced 2. Unlearned by the speaker 2. Learned by the speaker 3. Foreign language 3. Unknown babbling, gibberish 4. Produced rational truth 4. Produces an emotional frenzy 5. Given for a sing to unbelievers 5. Given for a sign to believers 6. Used with regulations 6. Used without regulation 7. Last until complete truth 7. Last until the 2nd Coming

47. New Testament MiraclesAlleged Miracles Today 1. Objective, observable sickness 1. Questionable sickness 2. Objective, undeniable cure 2. Questionable cure 3. Performed without preparation 3. Performed after screening 4. All cases healed 4. Selective healings 5. All cases healed 5. Many failures 6. Faith not always demanded 6. Faith always demanded 7. Instantaneous 7. Time allowed for “recovery” 8. Complete healing 8. Partial healing 9. A “sign” to observers 9. “Take my word for it” 10. Confirmed the word of truth 10. “Proves” true belief 11. No publicity 11. Much fanfare, workers exalted 12. No money solicited 12. Donations encouraged

48. No Holy SpiritMiraculous Gifts Today • No Purpose. We don’t have miraculous gifts today because the Word of Truth has already been confirmed by miracles (Heb. 2:4). • No Means. We don’t have miraculous gifts today because there is no means by which to receive them. • No Continuance. We don’t have miraculous gifts today because Paul said that they would pass away in 1 Cor.13:8-12 when “that which is perfect” is come.

49. No Holy SpiritMiraculous Gifts Today • No Evidence. We don’t have miraculous gifts today because there is no objective proof of their existence. • No Distinctiveness. We don’t have miraculous gifts today because the so-called “miracles” performed are the same as those performed by non-Christians. • No Truth. We don’t have miraculous gifts today because there is a vast difference in doctrine and practice among the churches which allegedly perform “miracles” today.

50. When ThatWhich Is Perfect Is Come • This phrase does not refer to… • Heaven • The inclusion of the Gentiles in the church • Individual spiritual maturity • The second coming of Christ • This phrase refers to… • Complete revelation (knowledge, 13:9,12) • Paul uses three sets of two to make his point: two facts, two reasons, two illus.