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Eisenhower Administration

Eisenhower Administration. Dwight D. Eisenhower. Republican – “I Like Ike”. Republicanism. Pledge of “Dynamic conservatism” Balanced, middle-of-the-road Tried to balance budget, prevent “creeping socialism” However, only did this 3 times Biggest peacetime deficit in history

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Eisenhower Administration

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  1. Eisenhower Administration

  2. Dwight D. Eisenhower • Republican – “I Like Ike”

  3. Republicanism • Pledge of “Dynamic conservatism” • Balanced, middle-of-the-road • Tried to balance budget, prevent “creeping socialism” • However, only did this 3 times • Biggest peacetime deficit in history • Economic recession 1957-8 • Did keep many New Deal programs • Extended coverage of Social Security • Minimum wage raised

  4. Interstate System • Interstate Highway Act of 1956 • 42,000 miles of multilane roads • Goal: fast transport of military supplies in case of a Soviet attack • HUGE public works project • Encouraged “white flight”

  5. “New Look” in Foreign Policy, 1954 • Secretary of State John Foster Dulles • We must go further than just containment • Also promised to balance budget by cutting military spending. • “Massive Retaliation” • Cut backs in Army and Navy, built up air fleet of superbombers • More “bang for the buck” • “Brinkmanship” – go to the brink of war

  6. “New Look” in foreign policy • Ike tries to negotiate with Khrushchev – does not work • Overall – “New Look” didn’t really work • I.E. Hungary- revolt against Soviets – US had relied too much on huge weapons, unable to use in a small crisis • Ike also realizes that nuclear weapons are expensive!

  7. Foreign Policy • Ends Korean War • Conflict between Israel and Egypt in Middle East – Suez Crisis • Eisenhower Doctrine – pledged US military and economic aid to Middle Eastern nations threatened by communist aggression • Beginning of conflict in Vietnam, Ike promises aid to Diem regime in South • U-2 Spy Plane incident – Francis Gary Powers • All hopes of cooperation b/w US and USSR were shot

  8. Latin America • CIA supports a coup that overthrew a communist gov’t in Guatemala – 1954 • Cuba – Castro to power • Communist • US breaks diplomatic relations • USSR supports Castro, declares Monroe Doctrine dead

  9. Sputnik • October 1957 – Soviets launch Sputnik I – first satellite into space • Huge shock for US • Now – people afraid Soviets could fire missiles at US • Big push to narrow “missile gap” • Ike establishes NASA, missile development – successful • US education system given improvements

  10. Ike’s Legacy • Overall, well-liked, considerable influence over a Democratic Congress • Did not intervene for civil rights • Farewell Address - warns against the “unwarranted influence” of the “military-industrial” complex

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