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Fusion Energy Sciences Program

US Department of Energy. Fusion Energy Sciences Program. Department of Energy Perspective. February 23, 2004. by Sam Berk OFES Team Leader for Technology. www.ofes.fusion.doe.gov. E xcellent S cience in S upport of A ttractive E nergy.

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Fusion Energy Sciences Program

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  1. US Department of Energy Fusion Energy Sciences Program Department of Energy Perspective February 23, 2004 by Sam Berk OFES Team Leader for Technology www.ofes.fusion.doe.gov Excellent Science in Support of Attractive Energy

  2. 1 0 76 94 95 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 01/14/04

  3. US Fusion Program Budget History (in 2005 $M) 1000 900 800 700 600 Fiscal Year Budget (FY 2005$ in Millions) 500 400 300 200 100 0 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 Fiscal Year 01/14/04

  4. FY 2005 Fusion Program Congressional Budget Request ($M) FY 2003 Actual FY 2004 Approp. FY 2005 Cong. Science Facility Operations Technology SBIR/STTR OFES Total 136.2 66.2 38.3 6.2 246.9 143.9 84.5 27.4 6.8 262.6 144.0 85.5 27.8 6.8 264.1 DIII-D C-Mod NSTX NCSX IFE/HEDP 51.9 19.2 30.1 11.7 17.0 56.0 22.2 34.7 16.7 15.1 54.0 21.5 33.6 16.7 13.9 01/13/04

  5. Summary of US Fusion Program FY 2005 Congressional Budget Request • ITER • Direct Funding of $7 M: $1 M for procurement of S/C wire and $6 M in reserve to be allocated following decision on organization to host US Project Office and other decisions • $38 M designated for support of US preparations toward ITER tasks Science ($150.8 M, +$.1 M) • +$1 M for MST • No $3 M increase for SciDAC/FSP as planned • No increase of $0.8 M for NCSX research in support of construction • All other programs funded at about FY 2004 appropriations level Facilities Operations ($85.5 M, +$1 M) • +$4 M for ITER direct funding • Operation of facilities reduced from FY 2004 plan of 18 weeks each to 14 weeks each (-$3.2 M) • NCSX kept at FY 2004 level instead of the planned $4.8 M increase • Funding for ORNL move stretched out Technology ($27.8 M, +$.4 M) • Fusion Technologies closed out in FY 2004: all IFE work brought to conclusion and ITER-relevant parts of MFE work moved to Plasma Technologies • All areas of Plasma Technologies: increased budgets and redirection toward ITER • FIRE program completed with Physics Validation Review in FY 2004 • Materials research reduced $.2 M

  6. Major Fusion Facilities Operating Times 30 DIII-D C-MOD NSTX Full Utilization Level 25 20 18 18 18 Weeks 15 14 14 14 14 13 12 12 10 8 5 4* 0 FY 2004 Appropriations FY 2005 Congressional FY 2002 FY 2003 Actual Years *NSTX operating time was reduced due to the failure of one of the magnetic coils in February. Operations are expected to begin again this month. 01/13/04

  7. Fusion Program Resources in Preparation for ITER ($M) Elements FY 2005 Cong. FY 2004 Approp. Fusion Plasma Theory and Computation (SciDAC) DIII-D Experimental Program Alcator C-Mod Experimental Program ITER Project (Direct Funding) Plasma Technology Total 1.0 3.0 1.0 3.0 0 8.0 3.0 10.0 5.0 7.0 13.0 38.0 01/13/04

  8. Technology FY 2005 Congressional Budget Request ($M) FY 2003 Actual FY 2004 Approp. FY 2005 Cong. Plasma Technologies Fusion Technologies Advanced Design Materials Research Total 13.6 11.1 5.9 7.7 38.3 13.7 3.0 3.1 7.6 27.4 17.8 0 2.6 7.4 27.8 01/13/04

  9. ITER TBM-Related Funding ($M) FY 2005 Cong. FY 2004 Approp. Current source of funding: Fusion Technologies .9 0 MFE Chamber Technologies Future source of funding: Plasma Technologies 0 1.4 Plasma Chamber Systems 01/13/04

  10. Office of Science 20 Year Facilities Plan “These Department of Energy facilities are used by more than 18,000 researchers from universities, other government agencies, private industry and foreign nations.” - Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham

  11. 4 Strategic Goals for Fusion Program First goal: Demonstrate with burning plasmas the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion energy (through ITER project) Fourth goals: Develop new materials, components, and technologies needed to make fusion energy a reality Strategic Timeline Toward 4th goal (materials, components, and technologies): “By 2013, deliver to ITER for testing the blanket test modules needed to demonstrate the feasibility of extracting high-temperature heat from burning plasmas and for a self-sufficient fuel cycle” DOE Office of ScienceStrategic PlanFebruary 2004

  12. Fusion Energy Sciences Budget ($ in Millions) FY 2003 Actual FY 2005 Cong. General Plasma Science $11.7 Other* $13.6 General Plasma Science $9.0 Other* $12.4 FY 2004 Approp. Tokamak $82.8 Tokamak $86.9 ITER $7.0 Theory & SciDAC $27.7 Theory & SciDAC $28.6 General Plasma Science $11.7 Other* $13.8 ITER $3.0 Technology $27.8 Technology $38.3 Theory & SciDAC $28.6 IFE/HEDP $13.9 IFE $17.0 Other Alts $24.3 NSTX $33.6 Other Alts $22.1 NSTX $30.1 NCSX $16.7 Technology $27.4 Tokamak $89.6 NCSX $11.7 Alternates $76.7 Alternates $88.5 IFE/HEDP $15.1 $246.9 M $264.1 M Other Alts $23.2 Alternates $88.5 NSTX $34.6 *SBIR/STTR GPP/GPE ORNL Move Reserve Environmental Monitoring NCSX $16.7 $262.6 M 01/20/04

  13. Fusion Energy Sciences Funding Distribution FY 2005 Congressional $264.1M Institution Types Functions ITER Direct 3% Industry 22% Laboratory 45% Facility Operations+ 30% Science 54% Technology 10% Universities 28% SBIR/STTR 3% Other* 5% +Includes NCSX Project *NSF/NIST/NAS/AF/Undesignated funds

  14. Shifts in Priorities and Directionsfor Blanket R&D • Shift focus of blanket R&D from science of higher risk • concepts (APEX Project for advanced, innovative, • and revolutionary) to development issues of lower • risk concepts (conventional and evolutionary) that will • be basis for Test Blanket Modules (TBMs) in early • ITER operation • Maintain some effort on higher risk concepts that • might be tested as TBMs in later stages of ITER • operation

  15. Recent change in structural materials R&D portfolio balance due to: Concerns about prospects for developing insulator coatings to control MHD effects in V/Li blanket More positive outlook on prospects of developing advanced (nanocomposited) ferritic steels that can operate at much higher temperatures than present-day steels Changing Views on Prospects for Blanket Structural Materials

  16. Changing Views on Prospects for Blanket Structural MaterialsChange in Portfolio Allocation

  17. Solid Breeder: He-cooled ceramic breeder Liquid Breeder: Evaluating options Molten Salt (self-cooled and separately cooled) and PbLi (separately cooled) US Priorities for Coolant /Breeder Choices with LA F/M Steel

  18. Recent US Developments Related to Blanket & Materials R&D • Reduced budgets for blanket R&D • Shifts in priorities and directions for blanket R&D • Changing views on prospects for blanket structural materials

  19. Recent US Developments Related to Blanket & Materials R&D • Reduced budgets for blanket R&D • Shifts in priorities and directions for blanket R&D • Changing views on prospects for blanket structural materials

  20. Shifts in Priorities and Directionsfor Blanket R&D • Shift focus of blanket R&D from science of higher risk • concepts (APEX Project for advanced, innovative, • and revolutionary) to development issues of lower • risk concepts (conventional and evolutionary) that will • be basis for Test Blanket Modules (TBMs) in early • ITER operation • Maintain some effort on higher risk concepts that • might be tested as TBMs in later stages of ITER • operation

  21. Recent change in structural materials R&D portfolio balance due to: Concerns about prospects for developing insulator coatings to control MHD effects in V/Li blanket More positive outlook on prospects of developing advanced (nanocomposited) ferritic steels that can operate at much higher temperatures than present-day steels Changing Views on Prospects for Blanket Structural Materials

  22. Changing Views on Prospects for Blanket Structural MaterialsChange in Portfolio Allocation

  23. Solid Breeder: He-cooled ceramic breeder Liquid Breeder: Evaluating options Molten Salt (self-cooled and separately cooled) and PbLi (separately cooled) US Priorities for Coolant /Breeder Choices with LA F/M Steel

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