By M. Khoroshev Presented at the progress meeting of

1. International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles (INPRO) Phase 2 INPROAction Plan 2010–2011 By M. Khoroshev Presented at the progress meeting of RMI Collaborative Project "Meeting energy needs in the period of raw materials insufficiency during the 21st century" at 19th AER symposium Liblice, Czech Republic, April 14 – 17, 2009.

2. INPRO provides “Technological and institutional innovation is the key to secure the benefit from the use of NE for sustainable development “ (DG, GC speech) • A forum by technology holders and technology users to consider jointly the actions required to achieve desired innovations in nuclear reactors and fuel cycles • Establishment of the methodology to analyze INS to assure the benefit from the use of NE for sustainable development • Coordinating and collaboration among member states for planning of development and deployment of Innovative Nuclear Systems (INS)

3. As of April 2007 INPRO Members 28 MembersArgentina, Armenia, Belarus, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Czech Republic, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea, Morocco, Pakistan, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Turkey, Ukraine, USA and the EC + Observers

4. Assessment Methodology : Based on expectation to technology innovation in seven areas to assure the benefit for sustainable development Infrastructure Economics Proliferation Resistance Safety Environment Waste Management Physical Protection

5. UN Concept of Sustainability and INPRO UN General Concept of Sustainable Development including sustainable development of ENERGY supply Environmental Dimension Economic Dimension Institutional Dimension Social Dimension Sustainable development of NuclearEnergy Proliferation Resistance Waste Management Environment Safety Infrastructure Economics INPRO Objectives and Methodology:MODELLING of energy systems Assessment using a holistic approach Decision on Innovative Nuclear Energy System (INS) • Energy supply is fundamental to sustainable development of the world • Sustainable energy supply needs significant contribution by NE • INPRO assures that NE is available in a sustainable manner in the 21st century • INPRO addresses all dimensions of the concept of Sustainability

6. INPRO Hierarchy of Demands on Innovative Nuclear Energy Systems (INS) Set of basic principles, user requirements and criteria is defined in the areas of sustainability, economics, environment, safety, waste management, proliferation resistance, infrastructure = rule to guide RD&D Basic Principle1 a b = conditions for acceptance by Users User Requirement2 a b = enables judgement of potential of INS Criterion3 a = Derivation of hierarchy; b = Fulfilment of hierarchy

7. General features of INS assessment INS assessment is combined effort of technology users and technology holders Design and analysis of INS* Technology holders input Technology users & holders Assessment of INS* * Innovative Nuclear Energy System

8. INPRO Action Plan 2010–2011Rationale and Approach

9. What basic starting assumptions? • Many 2008-2009 activities will continue into the 2010-2011 planning period. • Planning of INPRO activities should be based on: • Guidance from the General Conference • INPRO Steering Committee ideas and suggestions • OIOS and IAEA 2020 Report recommendations • In line with: • IAEA’s Program & Budget for 2010–2011 • Subprogram 1.1.4: Coordination of the International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles

10. Principles of Implementation • All INPRO activities are be implemented by the INPRO Group (‘INPRO Secretariat’) and led by a project/task/activity leader, who is an • INPRO Group member or IAEA regular staff • Options: co-leadership or lead support roles • Several mechanisms can be used to achieve a desired and/or planned deliverable, including: • INPRO Collaborative Projects • Technical Meetings • Consultancies • Coordinated Research Projects • In-house expertise and primary writers • Contracts with external experts

11. Two basic implementation options for INPRO • Collaborative Projects (CPs) • Definition of a project by IG and RB staff • Group of project members (from MSs), who • Carry out well-defined work packages and co-author • Other deliverables can be produced by the INPRO Group • Contracts, consultancies and individual expertise • Not dependent on work packages carried out by INPRO Member States as voluntary contribution to INPRO • Marked in Draft plan as ‘in-house implementation’ (IHIM)

12. Structure of Action Plan 2010–2011 • Four substantive program areas • INPRO Assessments (NESA) • Global Vision • Innovations in Nuclear Technology • Innovations in Institutional Arrangements • Two supporting cross-cutting areas • INPRO Dialogue Forum • Policy coordination, communication

13. TASK 1: INPRO Methodology INPRO Assessments TASK 2: INPRO Assessment TASK 3: Vision and Scenario for Nuclear Energy Global Vision TASK 4: Institutional and Infrastructure Issues TASK 5: Common User Considerations Innovation in Nuclear Technology TASK 6: Collaborative Projects INPRO Dialogue Forum Innovation in Institutional Arrangements TASK 7: Communication and Collaboration TASK 8: Steering Committee Policy Coordination, TC Liaison and Support Communication & Management Policy Coordination Consolidation of Programmes and Activities

14. Objectives for Program Areas • A: INPRO Assessments • To support Member States in performing a Nuclear Energy System Assessment (NESA) which will contribute to their long-term strategic planning and nuclear energy deployment decision-making using the INPRO methodology. • B: Global Vision • To develop global and regional nuclear energy scenarios, on the basis of a scientific-technical pathway analysis, that lead to a global vision of sustainable nuclear energy development in the 21st century, and to support Member States in working towards that vision.

15. Objectives for Program Areas • C: Innovations in Nuclear Technology • To foster collaboration among INPRO Member States on selected innovative nuclear technologies and related R&D that contribute to sustainable nuclear energy. • D: Innovations in Institutional Arrangements • To investigate and foster collaboration on innovative institutional and legal arrangements for the use of innovative nuclear systems in the 21st century and to support Member States in developing and implementing such innovative arrangements.

16. Objectives for Program Areas • INPRO Dialogue Forum (cross-cutting) • To bring together technology holders and technology users and other stakeholders to discuss, debate and share information on desirable innovations, both technical and institutional, but also national long-term nuclear planning strategies and approaches and, on the highest level, the global nuclear energy system.

17. A B C D INPRO Assessments National Assessment PRADA INPRO Dialogue Forum FINITE Global Vision Vision RMI S C M ThFC GAINS Policy Coordination, Communication & Management C U C Innovation in Nuclear Technology HTR-H2 Interface with GIF, NEA, etc AWR COOL PGAP Innovation in Institutional Arrangements Website & Progress Rep. SMALL 2008-2009 Activities In New Structure Collaborative Projects

18. Programme Area A: INPRO Assessments A.2 Develop and publish an INPRO Reference Assessment Study (2010) • A study of one or more models that can be used as reference and guidance for others to follow; • To illustrate how to use the methodology on practical examples.

19. The highest level in the INPRO hierarchy is a basic principle, which is a statement of a general goal that is to be achieved in an INS and provides broad guidance for R&D. The second level in the INPRO hierarchy is called a user requirement, which sets out measures to be taken, mostly by designers/developers but also by owners/operators and government institutions, to meet the general goal of the corresponding basic principle. On the third level, an INPRO criterion should be used by the INPRO assessor to verify whether the designer/developer or owner/operator or government institutions have met the user requirements.

20. Programme Area A: INPRO Assessments (Continued) A.3 Develop an Assessment Support Package including all support elements for conducting an INPRO assessment (available in early 2010) • A collection of activities leading to the preparation of the Assessment Support Packages: • Guidance documentation for assessments; • Training material and courses (workshops in 2010 and 2011); • Assistance missions to Member States for data collection and evaluation; • Establishment of a technical database for input data (e.g. design information); and • Expert support for the study and for the evaluation of final results.

21. Proposed New Activities in Programme Area A A B C D INPRO Assessments Methodology Update National Assessment A.1 Reference Assessment INPRO Dialogue Forum A.2 Assessment Support Global Vision C U C Vision Policy Coordination, Communication & Management Innovation in Nuclear Technology Innovation in Institutional Arrangements

22. Proposed New Activities inProgramme Area B

23. Programme Area B: Global Vision B.3 Define general characteristics of innovative nuclear systems suitable to the needs of energy users and issue a publication (2011) • Follow-up to the Global Vision study and the CUC study (more focused on short-term needs of users); • Identify the general characteristics of INS suitable to the energy users in the 21st century; • Definition and specific needs of potential energy users will be based on energy demand trend analysis in cooperation with PESS, and input received from INPRO Forum in the area of Desirable Technology Innovations.

24. Programme Area B: Global Vision B.3 Define general characteristics of innovative nuclear systems suitable to the needs of energy users and issue a publication (2011) (continued) • Will include proposed INS options such as SMRs and transportable nuclear installations in consideration; • The general characteristics will be assessed for the potential improvement in the sustainability of the INS using INPRO Methodology before finalization.

25. Programme Area B: Global Vision B.4 Investigate options for sustainable supply of fuel including thorium and issue a publication (interim report 2010, final report 2011) • To identify technological development and institutional arrangement required for the implementation of a reference sustainable fuel supply system; • The reference system is likely to be a combination of various options of U/Pu closed fuel-cycles, Th fuel cycles and associated international fuel cycle services; • To be developed in conjunction with the defined characteristics of INS for energy users in the 21st century.

26. Programme Area B: Global Vision B.4 Investigate options for sustainable supply of fuel including thorium and issue a publication (interim report 2010, final report 2011) (continued) • Detailed scope will be defined based on findings generated from the Global Vision study and the CPs on GAINS, Thorium Fuel Cycle, FINITE etc

27. Programme Area B: Global Vision B.5Develop a macro/social economical decision making tool, including supporting data, for making strategic decisions on innovative nuclear systems (interim report 2010, final report 2011) • To develop a reference approach in decision making for countries engaging in strategic decisions related to their nuclear power programme; • Appropriate tool (such as a template); and • Supporting reference data. • Commonly used micro-economic model (LUEC) + Macro-economic and social considerations: impact on environment, security of energy supply, boosting of local manufacturing, etc;

28. Programme Area B: Global Vision B.5 Develop a macro/social economical decision making tool, including supporting data, for making strategic decisions on innovative nuclear systems (interim report 2010, final report 2011) (continued) • Most considerations are derived from INPRO Methodology; • To be consistent with the defined characteristics of INS for energy users in the 21st century.

29. Proposed New Activities in Programme Area B A B C D INPRO Assessments INPRO Assessment Dialogue on Desirable Technology Innovation INPRO Dialogue Forum Global Vision B.3 Define Characteristics of INS Suitable to New Users Vision B.4 Suitable supply of fuel including thorium GAINS ThFC FINETE Policy Coordination, Communication & Management B.5 Macro/social economical decision making model RMI C U C Innovation in Nuclear Technology Innovation in Institutional Arrangements

30. Programme Area C: Innovations in Nuclear Technology C.6 Conduct a CRP on Modelling and Simulation for Future Innovative Nuclear Systems(2010–2011) • Related to technological advancement relevant to the development of one or several of the INS currently under discussion. • Details of the scope will be defined based on needs identified in the currently on-going CPs and studies in INPRO; • To be consistent with the defined characteristics of INS for new energy users, and include effective utilization of modelling and simulation to minimize costly empirical effort and long- time that are conventionally required in INS development.

31. Proposed New Activities in Programme Areas B & C A B C D INPRO Assessments INPRO Assessment Dialogue on Desirable Technology Innovation INPRO Dialogue Forum Global Vision B.3 Define Characteristics of INS Suitable to New Users Vision B.4 Suitable supply of fuel including thorium GAINS ThFC FINETE Policy Coordination, Communication & Management B.5 Macro/social economical decision making model RMI C U C Innovation in Nuclear Technology C.6 Modelling & Simulation for INS PGAP COOL AWR HTR-H2 Innovation in Institutional Arrangements

32. Programme Area D: Innovations in Institutional Arrangements D.3Conduct a CRP on R&D for Innovative Institutional Approaches (2010–2011) • To facilitate new institutional-related studies and/or R&D collaborations to be identified from: • INPRO Forum in the area of Desirable Innovations in Institutional Arrangement; • Results of the CUC study; • Definition of Characteristics of INS for Energy Users in the 21st Century. • Scope covers R&D topics of relevance to the development of institutions, approaches and mechanisms for developing and deploying one or several of the INS currently under discussion;

33. Programme Area D: Innovations in Institutional Arrangements D.3 Conduct a CRP on R&D for Innovative Institutional Approaches (2010–2011)(continued) • Not including studies specifically related to licensing (covered in D.4), and those related to fuel and fuel-service (covered in Proposals D.5 and D.6).

34. Programme Area D: Innovations in Institutional Arrangements D.4 Establish a new CP on licensing approaches for future INS (2011) • Defines the needs and recommendation for possibly future activities by appropriate organizations in the development necessary new approaches (e.g. harmonization and multi-national) that would be consistent with the design philosophy of future INS: • Examples are Pebble Bed Reactor, SMS without on-site refuelling and transportable systems • The needs for this activity are/will be identified from: • INPRO Forum in the area of Desirable Innovations in Institutional Arrangement; • Results of the CUC study; and • Definition of Characteristics of INS for Energy Users in the 21st Century.

35. Programme Area D: Innovations in Institutional Arrangements D.5 Conduct a study on the concept and challenges for fuel leasing and publish a final report (2010) • Similar to D.3 but focus on the development of fuel-leasing concepts to support the reference sustainable fuel supply system (combination of various options of U/Pu closed fuel-cycles and Th fuel cycles), and • To identify any potential challenges in developing and implementing the concepts.

36. Programme Area D: Innovations in Institutional Arrangements D.6 Conduct a study on institutional challenges for future international fuel cycle services (2011) • Expansion of D.5. to includes the development of concepts for other necessary international fuel cycle services to support the reference sustainable fuel supply system (combination of various options of U/Pu closed fuel-cycles and Th fuel cycles), and • To identify any potential institutional challenges in developing and implementing the concepts.

37. Proposed New Activities in Programme Area D A B C D INPRO Assessments Global Vision INPRO Dialogue Forum B.3 Define Characteristics of INS Suitable to New Users C U C Innovation in Nuclear Technology Policy Coordination, Communication & Management Innovation in Institutional Arrangements Dialogue on Desirable Innovations in institutional Arrangements D.3 R&D for Innovative Institutional Approaches Scoping Study on New Licensing Approach Study of Fuel Leasing Study on Fuel Cycle Services Institutional Challenges

38. Collaborative Projects International collaboration is a key to perform R&D activities in reliable and cost effective way • How to find right R&D needs? • How to find right partners? • How to find right framework? INPRO can provide those How?

39. INPRO Collaboration Projects • Main focus of INPRO activity at Phase 2 - collaborative efforts on a broad range of tasks to develop innovative nuclear energy systems • Provides a forum for INPRO Members to conduct collaborative works regarding the development and deployment of INS • International collaboration may enable sharing of resources, reduce required resources and create synergy by working together

40. INPRO Collaboration Projects • Participation of non-INPRO IAEA Member States in collaborative project is open and welcome • INPRO team at several occasions encouraged the IAEA MS and all interested parties to consider joining the above projects and come with new proposals

41. RMI INPRO Collaborative project Meeting of energy needsin the period of Raw Materials Insufficiency during the 21st century

42. RMI Project Future energy scenarios with the special attention to nuclear option

43. RMI • Long-term planning of nuclear energy with the harmonized use of fossil fuel and sustainable supply of other raw materials during the whole 21st century • Common position of selected EU countries based on a comprehensive analysis of all energy sources: are we able to reach common understanding and perform common actions?

44. Armenia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Lithuania, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, EU (ISTC project) RMI Participants

45. RMI Objectives and scope • Objectives: technical support for national energy strategy • Related INS assessment study: GIF, EU FP • Expected results: smoother and saver energy supply • National contributions and support: local national plans, EU ISTC Project, facilitating role of IAEA INPRO • Duration: at the beginning at least three years with the possibility of prolonging.