Chapter 3 Kansas as a Crossroads

1. Chapter 3Kansas as a Crossroads Invasion and Encounters

2. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado • Spanish • Came on horseback • Wore metal helmets and chain mail • Wealthy but wanted more • Heard story about 7 cities of gold • Lead him beyond New Mexico found no gold

3. Quivira • Indian slave told Coronado the stories of Quivira • Wealthy city were common citizens ate on silver plates and were served from bowls of gold • Came to Kansas in search of it with 40 men • Encountered the Wichita where the only metal he found was a copper necklace worn by the Chief • Returned to Mexico disappointed • Lost his job in Spanish government • Put on trial for mistreatment of Native peoples (guilty)

4. French Exploration of Kansas • French Explorers • 100 yrs after Coronado visited the Wichita • Came from Canada • Louis Jolliet placed the names “Kansas” and “Missouri” on the map for the 1st time • Never explored Kansas • French came to persuade Indians who lived here to form trade relationships with the French not Spanish

5. Claude Charles Du Tisne • Sent to contact Comanche • Comanche were very powerful • Had horses which help control the pains • Stole horses and mules to trade back to Spanish • Captured those from other tribes to sell as slaves • Failed to make contact with the Comanche • Did contact Osage and the Pawnee • Traded guns and ammo for info. • Alarmed Spanish because neither wanted the other to have control of Kansas

6. Etienne Veniard de Bourgmont • 4yrs after Du Tisne • Sent to establish control of Kansas by relationship with Kansa and the Plains Apache • Got the Plains Apache to agree to peace with other tribes • Eventual the agreements fizzled because the French ran out of what the Indians wanted

7. Trading Kansas • Europeans came and claimed Kansas as their own telling the tribes to swear allegiance to the monarchy or royal family • Spain and France Traded Kansas back and forth with out consulting Natives • Violation of sovereign rights- authority based on the power of government

8. Trading Kansas Cont. Spanish French Ruled from afar Were not allowed to trade guns and ammunition Lived among the natives Often married natives Were allowed to trade guns and ammunition

9. Trading Kansas Cont. • Europeans brought extra tension • Natives stole from each other • Sold each other into slavery • Brought Diseases with them • Smallpox • Measles • Whooping cough • Influenza • Entire villages dried up because of these diseases

10. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark • Kansas was part of Louisiana Purchase • “The object of your mission is to explore the Missouri River…and other river[s which] may offer the most direct…water connection across the continent” • Establish relationship with Indians and record info about environment. • Traveled mostly by boat

11. Zebulon Pike • 1st to travel the plains by land • Objectives • Return 50 Osage • Peace between Osage and Kansa • Relationship with Comanche with help of Pawnee • Observe plants and animals • Spain was not happy about this

12. Zebulon Pike:A Desert • Unprepared for winter Pike was captured by Spain near the foot of the Rocky Mnts. • Held for several months • Documents were taken • Journal was not found • Described Kansas as a desert (p.52-53) • Made people wonder if Kansas could be cultivated

13. Stephen H. Long • Objective • Map the southwestern portion of the plains • Traveled by steamboat • Never actually made it to Kansas because of mud. • Some of his men were sent to KS • He went on to Nebraska

14. Stephen H. Long Cont. • 1st to publish a U.S. atlas with state and territorial maps • Labeled KS the “Great Desert” • “almost wholly unfit for cultivation, and of course uninhabitable by people depending on agriculture for their subsistence.” • Influence U.S. settlement policy for years