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Carp Culture

Carp Culture. Dr. Craig Kasper. Introduction. Possibly the oldest form of aquaculture in the known world. Currently the largest (2/3 of ALL fish production is carp) Three key species: Grass Carp Silver Carp Bighead carp. Introduction. Why carp? Eat low on the food chain.

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Carp Culture

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  1. Carp Culture Dr. Craig Kasper

  2. Introduction • Possibly the oldest form of aquaculture in the known world. • Currently the largest (2/3 of ALL fish production is carp) • Three key species: • Grass Carp • Silver Carp • Bighead carp

  3. Introduction • Why carp? • Eat low on the food chain. • Tolerate poor water quality • Adapt to both alkaline and acidic water!

  4. Broodfish • Broodfish should be selected at 2-4 years of age. • Grown in ponds up to 1 to 10 acres (0.4 to 4 ha). • Stock males and females at 1:1 or 2:3 • Preferred Temperature 77°F. • Hormone injection (hCG) can be used to induce ovulation. • Expect ~250,00 eggs/quart of liquid during incubation.

  5. Culture Methods • Overall carp culture is similar to other warm water fish culture. • Fry will go through a “green water” stage • Densities of >500,000 fry/a (1.25 million/ha) are possible!

  6. Feeding • Grass carp: can be reared on plants alone, but also perform well on pellets. • Bighead are eat detritus and zooplankton in the wild, but also take to pellets! • Silver carp are primarily planktonivores.

  7. Yield? • Carp ponds often yield 2000-5000 lbs./acre • Often sold live or whole on ice.

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  9. More on carp... • Grass carp are a member of the Order Cypriniformes and Family Cyprinidae. Cyprinidae is the largest family of freshwater fish species and includes all the minnows and carps. • Grass carp: Native to Asian rivers, but stocked widely across the US. • Occasionally, carp will be named after the Amur River (“white amur, river amur, amur fish, etc. as a marketing tool.)

  10. Diploid vs. Triploid? • Normal grass carp have 48 chromosomes (diploid or 2N chromosome number.) • Sterile grass carp are heat or cold or pressure. • The resulting fish are triploids (3N) because each cell has an extra set of chromosomes. • Triploids are infertile.

  11. Eggs/Fertilization/Hatching • Grass carp spawn naturally only in rivers with high water flows and appropriate temperature. • Pond spawning does not take place.

  12. Feeding/Growth • Grass carp consume vegetation intermittently at temperatures as low as 37 oF (3 oC). • They eat steadily at 50 to 60 oF (10 to16 oC), with optimal consumption at temperatures between 70 and 86 oF (21 and 30 oC).

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