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Centrioles & Related Organelles

Learn about the functions of microtubules and microfilaments in cellular movement, internal cytoskeleton, and organelle anchoring. Discover how microfilaments play a role in muscle contraction, their composition similar to actin and myosin. Explore the presence and functions of microtubules in cilia, centrioles, flagella, and basal bodies. Understand the differences between cilia and flagella, their internal structure, and the role of basal bodies in organizing cilia/flagella structure. Uncover the significance of centrioles in mitosis in animal cells.

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Centrioles & Related Organelles

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  1. Centrioles & Related Organelles • Three functions of microtubules & microfilaments: • assist cellular movement • gives cell an internal cytoskeleton • anchors organelles

  2. Muscle Contraction Why are microfilaments thought to be involved in muscle contraction? • Microfilaments have a composition similar to actin and myosin (two proteins used in the contraction of muscles) More on this much later!!! 

  3. Where do we find microtubules? • Cilia • Centrioles • Flagella • Cytoplasm/basal bodies What is the function of cilia & flagella? • Involved in movement

  4. How do cilia & flagella differ? • Cilia are shorter than flagella • Often there are many cilia & one or two flagella

  5. Here’s the internal structure of cilia & flagella. • Description: Membrane bound cylinders; inside there are 9 microtubule pairs arranged in a circle around 2 central microtubules. Called a “9 + 2” pattern of microtubules

  6. How are basal bodies related to cilia? • Each cilia or flagella has a basal body at its base (in cytoplasm) • They organize the structure of the cilia/flagella • Arranged in “9+0” pattern (9 microtubule triplets)

  7. How are centrioles related to basal bodies? • Also have 9+0 pattern of microtubules • Give rise to basal bodies How are centrioles important for mitosis in animal cells? Involved in appearance/disappearance of spindle apparatus (pulls apart chromatids)

  8. Another look at flagella/basal body relationship…

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