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Informational Text -. Cohen and Cowan - Chapter 12. What is Informational Text?. Expository text Magazines Lists Guides How-to books Newspapers. Menus Maps Schedules Cookbooks Pamphlets Charts & Graphs. Research tells us:.
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Informational Text - Cohen and Cowan - Chapter 12
What is Informational Text? • Expository text • Magazines • Lists • Guides • How-to books • Newspapers • Menus • Maps • Schedules • Cookbooks • Pamphlets • Charts & Graphs
Research tells us: • Elementary children love it; can retell and discuss • 4th grade drop > introduced too suddenly too late • Adults read 75% more than fiction • 96% on Internet = informational text • 1st graders write & read better if exposed to: 1/3 INFORMATIONAL 1/3 NARRATIVE • 1/3 POETRY • Combo helps low literacy learners
More research: • Easier for ELL’s • Easier for learning disabilities readers
Informational Text Features To help locate info quickly: (See figure 10-1 pp. 454-5) • Print Features • Graphic aids • Organizational aids
Print Features • Bold • Colored • Special font • Italics • Old fashioned type • Cursive
Visual & Graphic Aids • Table of Contents • Index • Glossary
Descriptive Text Structure • No clue words • Most difficult • Visual map helps • Graphic organizers
Listing Text & Sequencing • Clue words: • First, then, before, after, not long, finally • Helped by visual clue: • Time line (vertical) • Sequence time
Response (Probem/solution) Structure • Presents problem or question • Followed by solution or answer • Clue words: the problem is, the question is, one reason for, a solution
Comparison Text Structure • Reader notes: • Similarities • Differences • Visual tools help • (Graphic Organizers) • Social Studies and science textbooks • Clue words: unlike, different from, same as, similar to
Strategies to Help Comprehension Steps to use: 1. explicit description of strategy 2. Model then practice 3. Practice collaboratively 4. Guided practice 5. Independent use with constant feedback
DRTA • Directed Reading Thinking Activity • Preview to predict • Read, take notes, check predictions • Review text and write summary
SQ3R • Survey • Ask questions • Read • Retell • Review
Guided Lecture Procedure • Young children CAN get ready for note taking • Teacher models on chart • Collaborative to group to independence • Learn to listen and take notes
Two-Column Notes • For note taking • Left column: main ideas • Right column: details
Outlining & Visual Tools • Formal and informal • Relate to table of contents • Teach it helps to study
Causation & Cause-Effect Structure Relationships between ideas Clue words: because, since, as a result, consequently, therefore • “Time lines” help • Graphic organizers • (Horizontal)