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Introduction to Computer Graphics

Introduction to Computer Graphics. Textbook: “Computer Graphics”, Third Edition By Hearn and Baker Topics: 1. A survey of computer graphics Computer-aided design Education and training Graphics user interface. Topics:. 2. Overview of graphics systems

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Introduction to Computer Graphics

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  1. Introduction to Computer Graphics Textbook: “Computer Graphics”, Third Edition By Hearn and Baker Topics: 1. A survey of computer graphics Computer-aided design Education and training Graphics user interface

  2. Topics: • 2. Overview of graphics systems • Video display devices: raster-scan & random scan • Input devices • Graphics software • 3. Output primitives • Pointes and lines operations • Line algorithms • Circle generation algorithms • Polygon operations • Polygon filling

  3. More topics • 4. Attributes of output primitives • Line attributes • Curve attributes • Character attributes • Antialiasing • 5. Two-dimensional geometric transformation • Basic transformations: rotation, scaling, and translation • Matrix representation and Homogenous coordinate systems • Composite transformations • Other transformations: reflection and shear

  4. Yet more topics • 6. Two-dimensional viewing • Window to view port coordinate transformations • Two-dimensional viewing functions • Clipping operations: line, point, polygon, and text • 7. Three-dimensional concepts • Parallel and perspective projections • Depth cuing • Surface rendering • Visible line and surfaces • 8. Three-dimensional transformations • Translations • Rotations • Scaling

  5. Last but not least • 9. Three-dimensional viewing • Viewing coordinates • Transformations to viewing plane • General projection transformations 10. OpenGL will be utilized in this course

  6. More information • Grading: the total grade will be computed as follows: • 20% for each hourly exam • 10% for the home work • 50% for the final exam.

  7. Why Computer graphics • Graphics is cool • I like to see what I’m doing • I like to show people what I’m doing • Graphics is interesting • Involves simulation, algorithms, architecture… • Almost no area in which graphical displays cannot be used

  8. Many of the leading scientists through the ages have been ‘visual thinkers’… Leonardo da Vinci Einstein Clerk Maxwell Why should we study Graphics?

  9. Advanced graphics areas • Image processing • Rendering • Modeling • Animation

  10. Image Processing • • Image Representation • ο Sampling • ο Reconstruction • ο Quantization & Aliasing • • Image Processing • ο Filtering • ο Warping • ο Morphing • ο Composition • • Raster Graphics • ο Display devices • ο Color models

  11. Rendering: (light, perspective) generating 2D images of the objects • • 3D Rendering Pipeline • ο Modeling transformations • ο Viewing transformations • ο Hidden surface removal • ο Illumination, shading, and textures ο Scan conversion, clipping • ο Hierarchical scene graphics • ο OpenGL • • Global illumination اضاءة • ο Ray tracing • ο Radiosity OpenGL

  12. Modeling: creating and representing the geometry of objects in the 3D world • • Representations of geometry • ο Curves: splines • ο Surfaces: meshes, splines • • Procedural modeling • ο Sweeps • ο Fractals • ο Grammars

  13. Animation: (movement) describing how objects change in time • • Keyframing • ο Kinematics • ο Articulated figures • • Motion capture • ο Capture • ο Warping • • Behaviors • ο Planning, learning, etc.

  14. Graphics Applications • Entertainment: Cinema Pixar: Monster’s Inc.

  15. Graphics Applications • Medical Visualization The Visible Human Project MIT: Image-Guided Surgery Project

  16. Graphics Applications • Everyday Use • Microsoft’s OS uses graphics seriously • Graphics visualizations and debuggers • Visualize complex software systems

  17. Graphics Applications • Scientific Visualization

  18. Graphics Applications • Computer Aided Design (CAD)

  19. 1 2 3 4 5 8 7 6 Curve and Surface Modelingin Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

  20. Graphics Applications • Entertainment: Games GT Racer 3 Polyphony Digital: Gran Turismo 3, A Spec

  21. Information Visualization

  22. Relevant Disciplines • Analytic Geometry • Art and Graphic Design • Cognitive Science • Computer Engineering • Engineering Design • Education • Film • Human Factors • Linear Algebra • Numerical Analysis

  23. Graphics Database Display Traversal Modeling Transformation Viewing Operation • Visible-Surface • Determination • Scan Conversion • Shading / • Illumination Image Synthesis Pipeline Graphics Database Editing Front-End (Geometry Processing) Back-End (Rasterization) Image

  24. Impact of Computers • Power of a CPU doubles every 18 months / 2 years

  25. Col. Steve Austin Lee Majors Impact of Video Games • Number of transistors on graphics processing unit (GPU) doubles each 6 mos. Worldwide revenues Retro flashback??? $7 Billion Man $5.6 Billion Man

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