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Progressive Reforms. Rise of the Progressives. First major 20 th century reform movement Umbrella label Sought to address society’s ills Used a variety of tactics Reaction to changes in society Power slipped from the hands of the people Promoted ideas of efficiency. Middle Class Roots.
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Rise of the Progressives • First major 20th century reform movement • Umbrella label • Sought to address society’s ills • Used a variety of tactics • Reaction to changes in society • Power slipped from the hands of the people • Promoted ideas of efficiency
Middle Class Roots • The Progressives were largely a middle class movement • Felt caught between capitalists and labor • Power shifting toward great trusts • Disenchanted with labor violence • Wanted power returned to the people from the special interests. • Endorsed ideas of “Pure Democracy”
Muckrakers • New school of journalism • Challenged existing ideas of journalism • Bring ills of society to light • Forces public to make a change • Bold group of writers
Muckraking Authors • Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives • Lincoln Steffens The Shame of the Cities • Ida M Tarbell The History of the Standard Oil Trust • Upton Sinclair The Jungle • Ida B. Wells-Barnett Southern Horrors
Religious Reformers • The Social Gospel Movement • Churches must address social issues • Uplift urban poor • Settlement Houses • Public Health
Conservative Challenges • Urban ills arose from loss of religion • Women’s Christian Temperance Movement • Society’s ills come from the bottle • Pushed for Prohibition
Socialists • Many lost faith in Capitalism • Labor • Immigrant communities • Pushed for economic changes • Workplace democracy • Political democracy