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Simple Machines

Simple Machines. Inclined Plane. Flat, sloped surface Multiplies force (you input less force over a larger distance) Example: Ramp IMA: length / height. Wedge. An inclined plane (or 2 back to back) that can move… thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end

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Simple Machines

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  1. Simple Machines

  2. Inclined Plane Flat, sloped surface Multiplies force (you input less force over a larger distance) Example: Ramp IMA: length / height

  3. Wedge An inclined plane (or 2 back to back) that can move… thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end Changes direction of the force (can also multiply force) Examples: axe, zipper, knife, teeth…

  4. Screw An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder Multiples force (you input less force over a larger distance), can also change the direction of the force Examples: screw, bottle cap (lid), curving parking ramp or road curving around a hill or mountain

  5. Lever A rigid bar that pivots on a central point called a fulcrum. IMA: distance from effort to fulcrum distance from load to fulcrum

  6. Lever • Three types of lever: 1st class, 2nd class and 3rd class. (pictures of the different lever set ups are on the last 3 slides) • How levers make work easier depends on which class lever is being used. • 1st class: changes direction, can multiply force or distance • 2nd class: multiplies force • 3rd class: multiplies distance

  7. First Class Lever Input force Output force Fulcrum

  8. Second Class Lever Input force Output force Fulcrum

  9. Third Class Lever Output force Input force Fulcrum

  10. Lever 1st class: Seesaw, scissors, pliers neck 2nd class: wheelbarrow, door, nutcracker, bottle opener, foot 3rd class: hockey stick, shovel, baseball bat, arm

  11. Wheel and Axle 2 circular objects fastened together that rotate around a common axis. The circle with the larger radius is the wheel If input is turning the wheel: multiplies force If input is turning the axle: multiplies distance Examples: Steering wheel, screw driver, door knob

  12. Pulley Made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it. Can be fixed, movable or block and tackle IMA: number of segments of rope that support the load Can change direction and can multiply force Examples are found on: flag poles, sail boats, construction cranes

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