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General Characteristics of Romantic Music

General Characteristics of Romantic Music. Dynamics extended, changes more frequently, less predictable Range of tempos extended, more frequent, more adjectives Melodies are longer, “yearning” quality, rubato Harmony explores further, modulations, chromatic Forms blur.

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General Characteristics of Romantic Music

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  1. General Characteristics of Romantic Music • Dynamics extended, changes more frequently, less predictable • Range of tempos extended, more frequent, more adjectives • Melodies are longer, “yearning” quality, rubato • Harmony explores further, modulations, chromatic • Forms blur

  2. Franz SchubertSong, Die Forelle (The Trout), 1817 • Equality of melody and accompaniment • Atmosphere • Rippling “voice” • Modified strophic form

  3. Fryderyk ChopinPrelude in E minor, Op. 28, for Piano • Modelled on Bach’s Well-Tempered Clavier • ABA’ form • Static melody with steady chords constantly descending • Neighbour tones

  4. Schumann, Traumerei from Kinderscenen Op. 15 • Single accompanied melody • ABA structure • Character piece • Dreamy atmosphere • Melody characteristics

  5. Liszt, Transcendental Etude No. 10 in F Minor • Fifteen years old • Demanding, virtuosic • Unusual harmonies • Surging

  6. Giuseppe Verdi, Otello (1867) • Tragic opera, based on Shakespeare’s play • Highly lyrical • Human drama, emotionalism, and realism • Reference motives • Italian nationalism

  7. Johannes BrahmsFourth Movement from Symphony No. 4 in E minor (1885) • Passacaglia • Harmonic and melodic variation • Unchanging length of variations • B Section has slower tempo and new meter

  8. Pucinni, Madame Butterfuly, “Un bel di” • Highly lyrical • Melodic doubling, tripling • Fresh harmonies • Blurring of recitative and aria • Story • Da Capo aria

  9. Mahler, Symphony No. 2, Fourth Movement • Programmatic (Spiritual journey) • Yearning sense • Large scale design • Beethoven’s 5th and 9th Symphonies

  10. Richard WagnerPrelude and Liebestod from Tristan und Isolde

  11. Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884)Symphonic Poem, The Moldau • Tone poem • Descriptive, programmatic music • Nature • Cyclic • Orchestral colour expanded

  12. Pyotr Illyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)First Movement from Symphony No. 4 in F Minor • Tone poem • Descriptive, programmatic music • Nature • Cyclic • Orchestral colour expanded

  13. Claude Debussy (1862-1918)Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune • Impressionism • Symbolist poet Mallarmé • Large orchestra • Orchestral colouring • Opening melody is sensuous, chromatic and vague

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