Leaders of Civil Rights Movement: Trailblazers for Equality

1. Civil Rights

2. Refused to give up her seat on the bus for a white person and was arrested, her actions led to several bus boycotts Rosa Parks

3. Lawyer who believed biggest change for civil rights was through the law; work on Brown vs. BOE; first black man into the supreme court Thurgood Marshall

4. First black students to attend all white high school in Little Rock, Arkansas; faced much discrimination but won their challenge to uphold Brown vs. BOE Little Rock Nine

5. Considered leader of the Civil Rights Movement; fought for equality through “civil disobedience” – a non-violent method of attaining equality; he encouraged all supporters not to sink to the level of the racists fighting against them Martin Luther King Jr.

6. Militant black leader; heavily involved in the Black Muslims and fought for black separatism Malcolm X

7. Landmark ruling that outlawed any form of discrimination against racial, ethnic, religious minorities and women Civil Rights Act of 1964

8. Landmark Supreme Court case that overturned the ruling that schools could be segregated and declared racial segregation in schools unconstitutional; ruled on May 17, 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education

9. The act of eliminating the separation of groups from the main group with regards to public locales (schools, churches, organizations) Desegregation

10. Any system or practice that separates people according to race, class, etc Apartheid

11. The act of separating one group (often a minority group) from the main group Segregation

12. Fundamental rights granted to all people simply because one is a human being Human Rights

13. Guaranteed that all people born in the US were considered natural citizens, regardless of race, and no state could take away this right 14th amendment

14. Formally abolished slavery and was passed by Congress on January 31, 1865 13th Amendment

15. Rights to personal liberty Civil Rights

16. Civil Rights activists who went on bus rides into the segregated south to spread the word of outlawing segregation Freedom Riders

17. Extra Terms to know

18. These laws were racial segregation laws enacted between 1876 and 1965 in the United States at the state and local level. Jim Crow

19. March 7, 1965 - About 600 people begin a march from Selma, Alabama to Montgomery, Alabama, led by John Lewis and Hosea Williams. Marchers demand an end to discrimination in voter registration. At the Edmund Pettus Bridge, state and local lawmen attack the marchers with billy clubs and tear gas, driving them back to Selma. Bloody Sunday

20. Was a four-time governor of Alabama and three-time presidential hopeful. He is best remembered for his 1960s segregationist politics. • "Segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever." George Wallace

21. Commissioner of Public Safety for the city of Birmingham, Alabama, during the American Civil Rights Movement. His actions were to enforce racial segregation and deny civil rights to Black citizens, especially during the Southern Christian Leadership Conference's Birmingham Campaign of 1963, made him an international symbol of racism Bull Connor

22. Opposed the Civil Rights Movement and desegregation, especially in the 1950s and 1960s. During this period, they often forged alliances with Southern police departments, as in Birmingham, Alabama; or with governor's offices, as with George Wallace of Alabama. Several members were convicted of murder in the deaths of civil rights workers and children in the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham. KKK

23. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." Emancipation Proclamation