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Cost Path Analysis of Skid Trails Using GIS

Cost Path Analysis of Skid Trails Using GIS. Laura Heath December 14, 2006 FOR 557. Outline. Purpose Location Analysis Approach and Obstacles Results. Purpose. Cost Distance Analysis

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Cost Path Analysis of Skid Trails Using GIS

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  1. Cost Path Analysis of Skid Trails Using GIS Laura Heath December 14, 2006 FOR 557

  2. Outline • Purpose • Location • Analysis Approach and Obstacles • Results

  3. Purpose • Cost Distance Analysis • Raster analysis that calculates the cost of traveling from one cell to the next based on assumptions specified by the user. • Goal: • Determine least cost paths for skid trails in logging operations.

  4. Best Management Practices • Limit the crossing of streams • No cutting within a 50 ft. buffer around streams and bodies of water • Skid trail distances from water: • 50 ft with slope <10% • 100 ft with slope >10% and <30% • 150 ft with slope > 30% • Landings should be flat and well-drained • Use existing roads/trails as much as possible

  5. Approach • Obtain necessary information: • Roads • Tax parcels • DEMs • Hydrography • Edit data to match with orthophotos VectorData Raster Data VectorData Raster Data Cost Surface Cost Distance Cost Path Vector Data Raster Data

  6. Location Sexsmith Lake in Davenport, NY Delaware County

  7. Step 1: Find location of landing • Slope ≤ 3% • Within 100 meters of road • Intersecting the road • Not within 50 meters of a body of water • Located within the harvest stands

  8. Step 2: Erase Hydrography Buffers from Harvest Stands Step 3: Convert DEM to Percent Slope Classes blue: >30% pink: 10-30% purple: 5-10% green: <5%

  9. Step 4: Create Concentric Polygons Within Harvested Stands

  10. Step 4: Create Concentric Polygons Within Harvested Stands

  11. Step 5: Convert to Raster • Spatial Analyst Toolbar → Convert → Features to Raster • Slope (%) • Concentric polygons (distance from edge) • Roads (ID of 1)

  12. Step 6: Reclassify • Change values of cells to reflect cost of travel • Concentric polygons: • -300 → 1 • -250 → 2 • -200 → 3 • -150 → 4 • -100 → 5 • -50 → 6 • NoData → 7 • Slope: • 0-5% → 1 • 5-10% → 2 • 10-30 → 5 • >30% → 10 • Road: • ID 1 → 1 • NoData → 50

  13. Step 7: Overlay Rasters to Create the Cost Surface • GIS Help says to use Weighted Overlay Tool • I used the Raster Calculator in Spatial Analyst [concentric polygon] + [slope] + [roads]

  14. Cost Surface

  15. Step 8: Create Cost Distance Raster • The cost raster was created using the cost distance tool

  16. Cost Distance Raster

  17. Step 9: Cost Path • Calculates most efficient pathway given a destination, cost distance raster and cost backlink raster.

  18. Results

  19. Questions?

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