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SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

SEPARATION TECHNIQUES. Filtration and Evaporation Distillation Paper Chromatography. Ms McGhee. Filtration and Evaporation. Filtration is a method for the separation of the parts of a heterogeneous mixture. When students mixed two common substances, a heterogeneous mixture was formed.

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SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

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  1. SEPARATION TECHNIQUES Filtration and Evaporation Distillation Paper Chromatography Ms McGhee

  2. Filtration and Evaporation • Filtration is a method for the separation of the parts of a heterogeneous mixture. • When students mixed two common substances, a heterogeneous mixture was formed. • There was a new precipitate formed in a solution.

  3. Filtration and Evaporation • In preparation for the filtration, the filter paper must be folded into a cone. • The students may be measuring the mass of the filter paper so that they can determine the mass of the precipitate after the experiment.

  4. Filtration and Evaporation • The cloudy, heterogeneous mixture is carefully poured into a funnel that has been set up with filter paper. • Notice that the filtrate is being collected in a beaker.

  5. Filtration and Evaporation • The precipitate in the original heterogeneous mixture beaker must be washed out using the stirring rod and the wash bottle. • We have collected all the precipitate in the filter paper now.

  6. Filtration and Evaporation • Evaporation is a method for separating the components of a homogeneous mixture. • After filtration, the students evaporated the filtrate solution to separate it from any dissolved solute.

  7. Filtration and Evaporation • The liquid (solvent) from the filtrate solution will evaporate leaving behind any dissolved solute.

  8. Filtration and Evaporation • Mean while, the insoluble solid (original precipitate!) that was collected on the filter paper was dried in an oven. • By taking the mass of the filter paper before the filtration and the mass of the paper and solid after it dries… • …the mass of precipitate can be calculated

  9. Distillation • Distillation is a method for the separation of the components of a homogeneous mixture. • The basis for separation is the different boiling points of the components in the liquid.

  10. Distillation • The distillation apparatus will be used to separate some of the components of imitation vanilla.

  11. Distillation • The component with the lowest boiling point will boil off first. • The vapor is condensed and this distillate is collected in the receiving flask.

  12. Distillation • When all of a particular component is gone… • …the temperature will rise to the next boiling point • and that substance will form the next distillate.

  13. Imitation Vanilla Flavor

  14. Paper Chromatography • Paper chromatography is an easy way to separate the soluble components of a homogeneous mixture • We will perform a chromatographic sparations of the pigments in felt pens

  15. Paper Chromatography • Specific vocabulary words include: • Mobile phase • Solvent • Stationary phase • Paper • Separation is based on: • Solubility of the sample in the mobile phase • Molecule size • (and other factors)

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