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Vowels A comparative analysis of vowels in 4 languages

Vowels A comparative analysis of vowels in 4 languages. ENS701M Experimental Phonetics Maddalena Tovazzi Minna Marika Timonen. 1. Cardinal vowels 2. Vowel length. Cardinal vowels: Finnish and Icelandic. Cardinal vowels: Italian and English. Icelandic Allophonic VC = Long vowel

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Vowels A comparative analysis of vowels in 4 languages

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  1. VowelsA comparative analysis of vowels in 4 languages • ENS701M • Experimental Phonetics • Maddalena Tovazzi • Minna Marika Timonen

  2. 1. Cardinal vowels 2. Vowel length

  3. Cardinal vowels: Finnish and Icelandic

  4. Cardinal vowels: Italian and English

  5. Icelandic Allophonic VC = Long vowel VCC = Short vowel Fara - banna 0,153 / 0,294 2. Vowel length Finnish • Phonemic • always shown in spelling • Tuli - tuuli • Ahtisaari • 0,117/ 0,177

  6. Exceptions in Icelandic LONG vowels also in: • one-syllable words with word-final vowel • Þú 0,362 sec, fúll 0,227 sec • vowels preceding consonant clusters pr, tr, kr, sk, pj, tj, sj and tv, kv • Esja 0,288 sec, penni 0,098 sec

  7. Italian • There is no noticeable difference in lenght • Vowels in final position are always pronounced clipped • Vowels in stressed open syllables are long • The distinction between close-mid (e o) and open-mid (ɛ ɔ) is made in stressed syllables only.

  8. elemento

  9. modo

  10. English • There is a well-known distinction between long and short vowels • Nevertheless, many accents are nowadays “losing” this distinction • More importance is given to lax/tense distinction, or free/checked distinction

  11. Vowels are generally longer when in stressed syllables: people carriage

  12. Allophonic length • Certain dialects display allophonic vowel length • In the coda of a syllable, vowel phonemes are realized as allophones before voiced consonant phonemes

  13. For example, in bat the phoneme is realized as a short allophone. In bad there is a longer realization, due to the presence of the voiced consonant: bad bat

  14. Alternation of vowels in a word • Some Italian words seem to vary greatly between speakers • One well known example is the word bene (good). • There are 4 different realizations

  15. 1. closed + closed(0.175; 0.169)

  16. 2. open + closed(0.199; 0.086)

  17. 3. closed + open(0.114; 0.095)

  18. 4. open + open(0.167; 0.158)

  19. According to standard grammar, the correct pronunciation of the word is as shown in 3 (open/closed). • All the four variations are nevertheless found everywhere. The alternation is NOT on a regional basis.

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