1 / 34

Plate 10

Plate 10. The Spectrum of Microorganisms. Cell Size. The smallest objects visible to the unaided eye are about 0.1 mm long Amoeba Human egg Paramecium. Centimeter. cm = centimeter 1 cm = 1/100 meter About the width of your pinky finger. Millimeter. mm = millimeter 1 mm = 1/1000 meter

vanig
Download Presentation

Plate 10

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Plate 10 The Spectrum of Microorganisms

  2. Cell Size • The smallest objects visible to the unaided eye are about 0.1 mm long • Amoeba • Human egg • Paramecium

  3. Centimeter • cm = centimeter • 1 cm = 1/100 meter • About the width of your pinky finger

  4. Millimeter • mm = millimeter • 1 mm = 1/1000 meter • About the width of a dime

  5. Micrometer Human hair • μm = micrometer • Known as a “micron” • 1 μm = 1/1,000,000 meter Red blood cell 6-10 microns 40-50 microns

  6. Nanometer • nm = nanometer • 1 nm = 1/1,000,000,000 meter 2.5 nm 30-50 nm

  7. Dimensional Analysis Convert 33.2 cm into m 1 m 100 cm 33.2 cm x

  8. Dimensional Analysis Convert 33.2 cm into m 1 m 100 cm 33.2 cm x = 0.332 m

  9. You Try!

  10. Broad Range of Microorganisms • Can be as small as a virus • 50 nm • Can be as large as Armillaria ostoyae (the “humongous fungus”) • 8.9 km2 (2,200 acres)

  11. “Micro”organisms • In order for an organism to be a “microorganism”, a microscope must be used to see the details of its structure

  12. Viruses • Viruses are primarily made from 2 types of molecules: • A protective protein coating (capsid) • DNA or RNA inside

  13. Viruses • 3 basic virus shapes: Helical Icosahedron Complex

  14. Viruses • Characteristics of viruses similar to other living organisms: • Can reproduce (only inside other living cells) • Can evolve (mutate)

  15. Viruses • Diseases caused by viruses: • HIV (AIDS) • Influenza • Chicken pox • Hepatitis • Small pox

  16. Bacteria • Bacteria are the most abundant organisms in the world, both in number and mass • Bacteria have the greatest diversity of species • No one knows for sure how many species there are

  17. Bacteria • Bacteria can be 100 to 1000 times the size of a virus

  18. Bacteria • 3 main shapes: • Coccus (spherical) • Bacillus (rod) • Spirochete & spirillum (spiral)

  19. Bacteria

  20. Bacteria • Roles that bacteria play: • Decomposers – recycle large organic molecules and important elements (C & N) • Relatively few actually cause disease • Help make food and other materials

  21. Cyanobacteria • Prokaryotic • Commonly called “blue-green algae”, but they’re more closely related to bacteria than algae • Original producers of oxygen (O2) on earth • Produce O2 more than plants!

  22. Cyanobacteria • In warm, nutrient-rich environments, cyanobacteria can grow very quickly • Algal blooms can use up oxygen in water, block sunlight, and release toxins

  23. Microscopic Algae • Two main types: • Dinoflagellates (spinning whips) • Diatoms

  24. Protozoa • Proto (first), zoa (animals) • “Animalcules” first seen by Anton von Leeuwenhoek • Thought to be simplest form of animal and first to appear

  25. Protozoa • Amoeba – move by pseudopods (“false feet”)

  26. Protozoa • Flagellates – move by flagella

  27. Protozoa • Ciliates – move by cilia

  28. Protozoa • Sporozoa – no locomotion, parasitic

  29. Protozoa • Diseases caused by protozoa: • Malaria • Sleeping sickness • Giardia • Toxoplasma

  30. Fungi • Two main types: • Molds – sometimes macroscopic • Yeasts – single-celled

  31. Fungi • Hyphae – single chain of cells

  32. Fungi • Mycelium – mass of hyphae

  33. Fungi • Spore – reproductive structure • Can resist most environmental damage (UV light, temperature extremes, desiccation, etc.)

More Related