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GEORGE WASHINGTON

GEORGE WASHINGTON. Political Party: No party designation Term: 1789-1797 President Number: #1.

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GEORGE WASHINGTON

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  1. GEORGE WASHINGTON Political Party: No party designation Term: 1789-1797 President Number: #1 http://www.google.com/imgres?q=george+washington&hl=en&biw=1680&bih=959&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=SxPU_s6N-BqoeM:&imgrefurl=http://www.pissedonpolitics.com/%3Fp%3D2393&docid=YpgyXEZ1Lvk5SM&imgurl=http://www.pissedonpolitics.com/George-Washington.jpg&w=450&h=569&ei=J3-bTqbXPOPm0QGtrKXVBA&zoom=1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_George_Washington

  2. General Information • Vice President: John Adams (1789-1797 ) • Cabinet members (all 1789-1797): • Henry Knox as Secretary of War • John Jay as Secretary of Foreign Affairs • Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of the Treasury • Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of State • Edmund Randolph as Attorney General • States Admitted into Union • North Carolina: Nov. 21, 1789 • Rhode Island: May 29, 1790 • Vermont: March 4, 1791 • Kentucky: June 1,1792 • Tennessee: June 1, 1796 John Adams http://www.legendsofamerica.com/photos-americanhistory/John%20Adams,%20Asher%20B.%20Durand-500.jpg http://americanhistory.about.com/od/states/a/state_admission.htm http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/washington/section8.rhtml

  3. 1st Term (1789-1792) http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/washington/section8.rhtml http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1789.svg The American Pageant 12th Edition pg. A58 George Washington Unanimously voted to be president Electoral college: 69 votes Promised to uphold the Constitution of the US Said that he would preserve the "sacred fire of liberty” No popular vote until 1824 No party designation John Adams Electoral college: 34 votes

  4. 2nd Term (1792-1797) http://www.presidentelect.org/e1792.html The American Pageant 12th Edition pg. A58 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1792.svg George Washington Unanimously voted to be president Electoral vote: 132 Originally wanted to retire after his first presidential term Decided to run again to try to halt the rise of political parties No popular vote until 1824 No party designation John Adams Electoral vote:77 George Clinton Electoral vote: 50

  5. George Washington – First President (1789) George Washington becomes the first president of the United States He was unanimously voted The first inauguration took place on April 30, 1789 Sworn in by Chancellor of New York Robert Livingston The inaugural ceremony took place on the balcony of Federal Hall in New York City, then the first US Capitol and the first site where the 1st United States Congress met Impact: George Washington leads the nation as the first president and becomes a role model for others to follow http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_inauguration_of_George_Washington

  6. Judiciary Act of 1789 Established a federal court system The judicial branch composed of a Supreme Court Court composed of one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices Impact: created 13 judicial districts within 11 states that had then ratified the Constitution. The courts are also instruments of democratic government, binding a diverse nation together. http://www.xtimeline.com/__UserPic_Large/1800/ELT200711111159239058643.JPG http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary_Act_of_1789 http://usa.usembassy.de/etexts/democrac/8.htm

  7. North Carolina admitted to Union (1789) In 1653, some Virginians settled in what would become North Carolina In 1663, King Charles II issued a royal charter to eight nobles to settle the area south of Virginia. They created Carolina and included the previous settlement Due to internal problems, crown took over colony and formed North and South Carolina out of it in 1729 Impact: growing class of planters, would join the Confederate States of America http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Map_of_North_Carolina_highlighting_Franklin_County.svg/800px-Map_of_North_Carolina_highlighting_Franklin_County.svg.png http://americanhistory.about.com/cs/colonialamerica/p/ncarolinacolony.htm

  8. Samuel Slater – first American factory (1790) “The Father of the Factory System” given credit for building the first successful water-powered cotton mill style of factory construction and workforce management set the pattern for industrial development throughout New England Impact: represented a tremendous step forward for industry in the United States, which had been struggling to catch up to Great Britain in technological advancement http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/sia/31.1/images/malone_fig07b.jpg http://www.novelguide.com/a/discover/eueh_02/eueh_02_00827.html The American Pageant 12th Edition pg 300

  9. Alexander Hamilton’s financial program (1790) From the revolution, the federal government had a huge debt: $54 million including interest. The states owed another $25 million Hamilton proposed that the government assume the entire debt of the federal government and the states Plan was to borrow new money at lower interest rate For southern votes, Hamilton promised to support locating the national capital on the banks of the Potomac River, the border between two southern states, Virginia and Maryland He was very successful Impact: he made the United States attractive to foreign investors http://www.wpclipart.com/money/money_bags/money_bag_green.png.html http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=6

  10. Republican Motherhood (1790) Women who ran households in the absence of men became more assertive  If the republic were to succeed, women must be schooled in virtue so they could teach their children The first American female academies were founded in the 1790s Education and respect would lead to the emergence of a powerful, outspoken middle class of women Impact: Women were becoming more important in society http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/The_artist_and_his_family_james_peale.jpg http://www.ushistory.org/us/12d.asp

  11. Rhode Island admitted into Union (1790) Known for its fierce independence Was last to ratify US Constitution Roger Williams banished to England by Massachusetts Bay Colony for beliefs in separation of church and state He fled and formed Providence in 1636. Anne Hutchinson also banished for speaking out against the Church in Massachusetts Bay She formed Portsmouth.  All settlements joined together with permission from England to form Providence Plantations – later called Rhode Island Impact: first to guarantee all its citizens freedom of worship http://www.rhodeislandsexoffenders.net/images/maps/rhode_island-2.png http://americanhistory.about.com/cs/colonialamerica/p/rhodecolony.htm

  12. First Bank of the US (1791) Modeled after the Bank of England collect taxes, hold government funds, make loans Hamilton argued that Congress had power to create a bank – Constitution granted federal government authority to do anything "necessary and proper" to carry out constitutional functions (in this case fiscal duties) In 1791, Congress passed a bill creating a national bank for a term of 20 years Impact: A national bank was created and led to future banks http://gulfofmexicooilspillblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/history_girard_national_bank.jpg http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=6

  13. Bill of Rights (1791) • First ten amendments to theConstitution, which limit the power of the U.S. federal government • serve to protect the natural rights of liberty and property • freedom of religion • free speech • free press • free assembly • free association • right to keep and bear arms • Came into effect December 15, 1791 through the process of ratification by three-fourths of the States • Impact: plays a key role in American law and government, and remains a vital symbol of the freedoms and cultureof the nation http://www.redstaplerchronicles.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/bill.gif http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/billofrightsintro.html

  14. George Washington – Second Term (1793) Took place in the Senate Chamber of Congress Hall in Philadelphia on March 4, 1973 The President gave the shortest inaugural address ever given Address was one of the few ever given before the oath was taken Unanimously voted for a second time Impact: George Washington starts the tradition of presidents serving for two terms because any longer would give a man too much power, as he said http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_George_Washington

  15. Cotton Gin (1793) Eli Whitney - inventor and a pioneer in the mass production of cotton automated the seed separation process generate up to fifty pounds of cleaned cotton daily, making cotton production profitable for the southern states Manufactured as many cotton gins as possible and installed them throughout Georgia and the southern states Impact: revolutionized the cotton industry in the United States http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/21900/21971/cotton_gin_21971_lg.gif http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/a/cotton_gin.htm

  16. Proclamation of Neutrality (1793) • Designed to keep America out of further wars • Stated that the US would: • not offer protection to Americans who violated neutrality laws • prosecute anyone within its jurisdiction who violated international law with respect to neutrality • Many supported the French cause because they considered the French resistance to be similar to their own fight during the Revolutionary War. Others were on England's side. • Washington believed that if they got involved in the European war, it could mean destruction to the States through division or bringing the war to America • Impact: kept the US from war with England http://www.revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com/proclamation-of-neutrality-by-george-washington-april-22-1793.html http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h453.html

  17. Citizen Genet Affair (1793) Edmond-Charles Genêt- French Ambassador to the US during French Revolution was dispatched to the US to promote American support for France's wars with Spain and Britain Instead of traveling to Philadelphia to present himself to George Washington for accreditation, he stayed in South Carolina goals in South Carolina were to recruit and arm American privateers who would join French expeditions against the British commissioned four privateering ships and raised a militia He endangered American neutrality in the war between France and Britain Impact: His activities violated an American proclamation of neutrality in the European conflict and greatly embarrassed France’s supporters in the US http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Edmond-Charles_Gen%C3%AAt.png http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/118798/Citizen-Genet-Affair http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond-Charles_Gen%C3%AAt

  18. Fugitive Slave Law of 1973 Guaranteed right of a slaveholder to recover an escaped slave Slave hunters were allowed to capture an escapee in any territory or state and were required only to confirm orally before a state or federal judge that the person was a runaway Impact: Fugitive Slave Act was inconsistently enforced and provoked ill feeling between north and south states http://www.libraries.wvu.edu/delany/freeman.gif http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h480.html

  19. Jay Treaty With England (1794-95) • The withdrawal of British soldiers from posts in the American West • A commission established to • settle border issues between the U.S. and Canada • resolve American losses in British ship seizures and Loyalist losses during the War of Independence • Washington was still a widely admired man, but he came under sharp attack during this time • Jay resigned from the Supreme Court • Impact: significant because of the tremendous uproar it caused http://www.xtimeline.com/__UserPic_Large/4754/ELT200802010112056404664.PNG http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h455.html

  20. Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 Atax protest Farmers who sold their corn in the form of whiskey had to pay a tax which was a part ofHamilton's program to pay off national debt Tariff eliminated any profit by the farmers from the sale of an important cash crop About 20 men were arrested, but all were later acquitted or pardoned Impact: demonstrated that the new national government had the willingness and ability to suppress violent resistance to its laws http://www.dlt.ncssm.edu/presidents/Lesson_Plans/Washington_Lesson_Plans/Political_Cartoon_LP/Cartoon_4_Whiskey_Rebellion.JPG http://www.publicbookshelf.com/public_html/The_Great_Republic_By_the_Master_Historians_Vol_II/whiskeyre_if.html http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/whiskey/

  21. Battle of Fallen Timbers (1974) • Final battle of the Northwest Indian War • struggle between American Indiantribes affiliated with the Western Confederacy and the United States for control of the Northwest Territory • U.S. forces used their superior numbers and arms to advantage • The battle was a decisive victory for the United States • United States led by General Anthony Wayne over a confederacy of native Americans led by Miami Chief Little Turtle opened the Northwest Territory for white settlement • Impact: ended major hostilities in the region until Tecumseh's War and the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQDo-ZT3gMeV8C2eS3SW-HYxJnZwy0-bz5maZvEbSsH9A7i1WGyA09TFQ_X http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1015.html http://www.fallentimbersbattlefield.com/about.asp

  22. Treaty of Greenville (1795) • Former contending forces gathered at Greenville (today in western Ohio) to sign peace agreement • Terms of the Treaty of Greenville included: • The tribes agreed to surrender their claims to lands in the southeastern portion of the Northwest Territory • The tribes gave up additional defined areas that were used by the whites as portages and fort locations. This category included Fort Detroit and the site of the future town of Chicago on Lake Michigan • The United States government agreed to make an immediate payment of to $20,000 in goods to the tribes, as well as annual payments of $9,500 in goods to be divided among specified tribes • The tribes retained the right to hunt throughout the area. • The Native Americans abided by the terms of the treaty • American settlers did not. New white settlements outside of the treaty area were established almost immediately • Impact: Resistance would emerge in the early years of the next century in lands slightly farther west http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1016.html

  23. Naturalization Act 1795 Repealed and replaced the Naturalization Act of 1790 During the 1790's, many in U.S. were concerned with the growth in number of political refugees Congress on January 29, 1795 modified the Act of 1790 The 1795 Act differed from the 1790 Act by increasing the period of required residence from two to five years in the United States Introduced the Declaration of Intention requirement, which created a two-step naturalization process Conferred the status of citizen and not natural born citizen Impact: people lived in the United States longer if they wanted to become a citizen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalization_Act_of_1795 http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/naturalization/

  24. Pinckney Treaty With Spain (1795) • Thomas Pinckney, U.S. minister to Britain, was dispatched to Spain and won two highly wanted concessions: • Spain recognized U.S. borders at the Mississippi and the 31st parallel (the northern border of Florida, a Spanish possession) • Spain granted Americans the right to deposit goods for transshipment at New Orleans • Spain granted these to the United States, not from fear of America's military might, but from concern over major power diplomatic realities • Impact: treaty allowed the U.S. to gain access to the area now known as the states of Mississippi and Alabama http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Thomas_Pinckney.jpg http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h454.html http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/sanlorenzo/

  25. Washington’s Farewell Address Was later named a "Farewell Address" valedictory after 45 years of service to the new republic, first during the French and Indian War, through the American Revolution, and finally as the nation's first president Warning against the rise of political parties and sectionalism as a threat to national unity Foreign affairs – Washington called for America "to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world" http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/farewell.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington's_Farewell_Address

  26. Washington’s Farewell Address • Warns the people to question the motives of any person or group of people who argue that the land within the borders of the United States is too large to be ruled as a republic • Strong warnings on the dangers of sectionalism, arguing that the true motives of a sectionalistare to create distrust or rivalries between regions and people to gain power and take control of the government • Washington argues that political parties must be restrained in a popularly elected government because of: • their tendency to distract the government from their duties • create unfounded jealousies among groups and regions • raise false alarms amongst the people • promote riots and insurrection • provide foreign nations and interests access to the government where they can impose their will upon the country http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington's_Farewell_Address http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/farewell.html

  27. Quotes http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/travpres/gws3.htm http://ariwatch.com/GeorgeWashington.htm http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h459.html http://www.michaelleestallard.com/george-washington-worthy-of-praise-2 PRAISE  “It wasn’t his generalship that made him stand out . . . It was the way he attended to and stuck by his men. His soldiers knew that he respected and cared for them, and that he would share their severe hardships.” –Richard Neustadt “America Needs a Leader Like George Washington”—John Ridpath CRITICISM “Washington's intellect, was not of the very first order.”—Thomas Jefferson “Washington was guilty of nepotism, wasting public funds, coveting a monarchy and needlessly seeking war against France.”—Benjamin Bache

  28. Impact and Legacy Became known as the “Father of Our Country” Was the first president Was a role model for future presidents Was a leader for the country as well as for the army His choice to not take a third term contributed powerfully to establishing a two term tradition for American presidents His firm leadership gave a credibility to the new federal government that assured its survivability His administration's fiscal policies brought sorely needed economic stability His leadership kept the country safely removed from involvement in the Anglo-French conflicts of the 1790s http://gardenofpraise.com/ibdwash.htm http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/travpres/gws3.htm The American Pageant 12th Edition pg 201

  29. BY: SARAH PARK Period 7 Due: October 18, 2011

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