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Social Assistance in Central Asia Countries: Government Reform Priorities

Social Assistance in Central Asia Countries: Government Reform Priorities. Elena Glinskaya World Bank April 15, 2011. Kazakhstan. Five Social Assistance Programs (2 categorical and 3 targeted)

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Social Assistance in Central Asia Countries: Government Reform Priorities

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  1. Social Assistance in Central Asia Countries: Government Reform Priorities Elena Glinskaya World Bank April 15, 2011

  2. Kazakhstan Five Social Assistance Programs (2 categorical and 3 targeted) • Targeted social assistance: Cash payment to individuals (families) with average per capita monthly income below 40 percent of subsistence minimum set for each oblast. • Housing assistance: Compensation for low income and vulnerable groups to cover expenses on housing maintenance, utilities. • Assistance to families with children: Birth allowance, care allowances for under children under 12 mos, and monthly allowance for children under 18. Available to families with per-capita income below 60 percent of subsistence minimum set for each oblast. • State Social allowances: Disability allowance, survivor allowance, and old age allowance. • State Special allowances: Monetized privileges (for 17 categories ).

  3. Kazakhstan

  4. Kazakhstan

  5. Kazakhstan • A well-targeted program has no political support. • Why? • There is no activation or graduation elements built in. Welfare dependency is suspected and feared • “….All those who can work, should work…..”

  6. Kazakhstan Reform Priorities: weaving in activation and graduation elements • Policy instruments for promotion of safety net beneficiaries • Design features of activation-compatible SSN • eligibility criteria and the target groups; the amounts of the benefits, the terms of their receipt (i.e. time limits, conditions such as work requirements, mutual responsibilities, requirements to participate in job search and activation activities); and enforcement provisions. • Institutional arrangements to support activation • the relationships between the central ministries and local governments; outsourcing arrangements; enrolment processes and information management (such as registries and MIS); particulars of case management (involvement of social workers in monitoring); payments processes; provision of complementary services.

  7. Tajikistan

  8. Tajikistan

  9. Tajikistan • Reform priorities: • consolidation of the present programs into a single social assistance program; • adoption of a system of targeting of social assistance; • improving management of social assistance systems

  10. Kyrgyzstan

  11. Kyrgyzstan • Trends: • decline in coverage (from 10 to 6-7 percent of the population); • diverting major funds for rights-based transfers (post-Osh) • Reform priorities : • preserving gains made earlier; • strengthening means-testing and outreach; • improving administration and delivery in a decentralized setting

  12. Uzbekistan Trends: • growth in GDP and in real SSN outlays; • Mahalla leaders voicing their discontent for lack of clarity for defining who is “poor” • need to use SSN for other socially-relevant objectives Reform priorities: • impending fiscal cuts; • improvements in targeting – introducing objective criteria into Mahalla community targeting • technology adoption (MIS, registry, etc.)

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