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Indigenous peoples about 370 million people worldwide, representing more than 5000 groups own languages and cultures, are present in 70 countries across 5 continents and constitute 5% of the world population. There are about 400 different ethnic groups in AL C. and a total indigenous population of approximately 29 million people who are "recognized" as Indians, who make up 6% of the population of AL and C. _________________________________________ Agenda L.A., p.22 Fondo para el Desarrollo de Pueblos indígenas de A.L. y el C. Atlas socio-lingüístico de pueblos indígenas en A.L. 2009 Agenda Latinoamericana 2012, p.22 Introduction
Indigenous people are called "first peoples", tribal people, aboriginal, indigenous, native, minorities, etc.. Predate the formation of the United Nations, IPs are those who have survived the colonial expansion, are linked to a specific territory and have socio-cultural structures (language, religion, economics, politics).
While recent years have seen major global sociopolitical changes that led to the establishment of new legal norms and constitutional frameworks, national and international - in favor of Indigenous Peoples, still immersed in situations of exclusion, exploitation, assimilation, and realities linked to the violation of their rights, particularly the "territorial” right.
561 indigenous settlements, 414 indigenous communities. 20 indigenous tribes, 87,099 people identified as indigenous self; 91.5% live in rural areas and only 8.5% live in urban areas. According to the Indian Household Survey (EHI-2008), the indigenous population numbers to 108,600 people, that is, 7% of the total population. The (52.5%) resides in the Eastern Region and (47.5%) in the Western Region, distributed in 512 communities. The census includes all people "self-identified" as indigenous, with reference to the recognition of their identity (sense of belonging), common origin, territoriality and linguistic-cultural factor. Paraguay's Indigenous population: According to the Second National Indigenous Census 2002
foto The indigenous population in Paraguay
Land Conflicts Today almost 60% of indigenous communities have the legal, permanent settlement of their land. On the one hand, by 2013, the State agreed to a beneficial owner of 279,000 hectares of indigenous lands. With that 70% of the communities could have legal land titles, but on the other hand, on behalf of titled lands for indigenous INDI not guarantee the security of the trend of land, for example. Itakyry cases, Alto Paraná and Makutinga, Itapúa. Major Problems of Indigenous Peoples today
The construction of the Itaipu and Yacyreta companies in indigenous territories and integration misunderstood, have led many communities to critical situations. Until today there is no response from the national authorities. Earth-territory
Earth-territory Overbilling on land purchases by the INDI, overlay titles, soybean production and contamination of territories. The soy farmers and ranchers who have weakened the capacity of land and damaged streams. Conflicts between Indigenous lands and traditional territories, case Ache - Ava Guarani, farm 470.
Maps of those affected by the Itaipu Earth-territory
Mbya - San Rafael Reserve 72,000 ha. VILLAGE PAI-JasukaTavyterá RENDA 768 ha. Ava Guaraní people - Ava Guarani COMMUNITIES ZONE 2700 ha. Itakyry ACHE VILLAGE - RESERVE CAAZAPA - ChupaPou - FINCA 470. INTERAMERICO cases before the HUMAN RIGHTS-YAKYE AXA, SAWHOYAMAXA And XákmokKásek. Protect isolated - SILVICULTURAL LANDLESS - "` YVA HENDA ". CASES OF STRUGGLE FOR LAND-territory
CASES OF STRUGGLE FOR LAND-TERritoryCOMMUNITIES ofAvaGuarani Itakyry ZONE
Deforestation Roll indiscriminate extraction of indigenous territories for marketing. Leasing of Indigenous lands for mechanized agriculture environmental havoc, causing multiple diseases in communities. Replacement of native forests by large expanses of soybeans, colonial pastures or other commercial plantations, including tree plantations. Major Problems of Indigenous Peoples today
Invasion of territories: peasants, Brazilian agribusiness ...
Indigenous migration to the cities Since 2000 there is a mass migration of Indigenous to the capital and other cities; causes: lack of land, deforestation, pesticides and diseases. The increasing migration of people to the cities results to uprooting fromtheir habitat and their families, prostitution, drug addiction, alcoholism and labor exploitation. Growing racism towards urban indigenous Paraguayan citizens Major Problems of Indigenous Peoples today
The indigenous illiteracy rate is still very high, 40.2% of Indigenous cannot read or write. No set features of a curriculum that allows culture to be integrated in the contents. Ignorance or lack of understanding of the concept of Indigenous education by MEC officials. Lack of a budget for education indigenouseducation. Difficulties in the field of Education
Access to ministries in the Church (Priesthood and Religious Life). Cultivation and deepening the culture itself (revitalization). Public visibility of Indigenous Peoples through their claims articulated. Involvement in the formulation of public policy proposals. Adoption of the Law 3231/07, Indigenous Education and installation of the Directorate General for Indigenous Education. Approval of the National Indigenous Health Policy. Participation in designing an Indigenous Health Act. IndiGenousachievements
III Latin American Local Governments in IndigenousTerritories "Tekoháre" November24 and 26, 2009, Asunción, Paraguay
Indigenous Health Congress National Indian Health Policy
For the Society Enter into dialogue with indigenous cultures. Moving from multiculturalism to interculturalism. Develop new laws on indigenous rights as the Constitution and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and promote respect their regulations. Severely punish all kinds of invasions of indigenous lands and any assault on their traditional religion, culture and natural assets. Create opportunities for participation in PPII. Recognize and accept that predate PPII society / Paraguayan culture. Discard all forms of racism. Predisposition for meeting and exchange with the "other / different." New challenges
For Indigenous Walking together towards self-management Strengthen own ethno-esteem/culture Revitalize their traditional organizations Participate and monitor government and private policies Articulated associations, federations and confederations New Challenges
For Indigenous Continental level networking; strengthen partnerships in the just claims of land - territory. Require indigenous rights under the current legal framework. Fighting for an education and health care with a focus intercultural and rights. Newchallenges
For the Paraguayan Church Opening to the indigenous religious and spiritual contributions. Rate unity in cultural and religious diversity. Accepting indigenous ecclesiastical ministries and ministries promote inculturationfor different services. Promote and assess Indigenous Theology and Christian Indigenous Share the Good News of Jesus Christ in a dialogue. Give space to the Indigenous Pastoral and pastoral differentiated. Breaking from the process of "re-colonization". Meet God in the theologies, spiritualities, cultures and realities of PPII. Newchallenges
Space require culturally relevant participation (inclusion); respect to his nature (characteristics) and their territories; public policy according to your needs and realities; banish racism; "dialogue of equals": indigenous society-national society . Other challenges - Conclusion
The CONAPI, organization of the Paraguayan Episcopal Conference (CEP) is responsible for coordinating the indigenous joint patoralwith Paraguay's Indigenous Peoples. conapi
Actions The actions are based on the following principles: a) Influence of the Indigenous and Indigenous rights guarantees. b) Respect for their culture, ethnic and cultural plurality, and traditional knowledge systems. c) Respect for self-determination and self-management. d) Support in their self-management process, healthy relationships and selfless. e) A mystical oriented to interreligious and intercultural dialogue. conapi
Defense and legal assurance of the territories. Strengthen the empowerment of PPII in the formulation and implementation of laws and public policies. Revitalization of their own systems of education and health and its relationship with Western systems - not indigenous. Visibility of the PPII through participation and the use of modern media. Reflection, dialogue and respectful exchange of indigenous theology and inculturation of the Gospel. Incidence Areas - conclusion
