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World History

World History. Unit 2 New Directions in Government and Society: 2000 B.C. to A.D. 700. CHAPTER. 7. India and China Establish Empires, 300 B.C. – A.D. 550. Time Line. A.D. 65 Buddhism takes root in China. 321 B.C. Chandragupta Maurya founds Mauryan Empire.

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World History

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  1. World History Unit 2 New Directions in Government and Society: 2000 B.C. to A.D. 700.

  2. CHAPTER 7 India and China Establish Empires, 300 B.C.–A.D. 550 Time Line A.D. 65Buddhism takes root in China. 321 B.C.Chandragupta Maurya founds Mauryan Empire. A.D. 220Han Dynasty falls. 300 B.C. A.D. 550 A.D. 320Gupta Empire forms in India and encourages a renewal of Hindu faith. A.D. 105Chinese invent paper. 202 B.C.Liu Bang establishes China’s Han Dynasty.

  3. Chapter 7India and China Establish Empires,300 B.C. - 550 A.D. Section 1 First Empires of India

  4. First Empires of India Objectives • To describe the rise and fall of India’s first unified kingdom. • To compare events in India’s three regions after the fall of the Mauryan Empire. • To describe the rise of the Gupta Empire and the daily life in India during this period. • Vocabulary:Mauryan Empire, Asoka, religious toleration, Tamil, Gupta Empire, patriarchal, matriarchal

  5. First Empires of India Mauryan Empire - 321 - 301 BC • Chandragupta Maurya • defeat of Seleucus in 303 BC • unites north India; 1st emperor • Jainist convert • Kautilya • Arthasastra handbook • war expands power • Asoka - 269 - 232 BC • grandson • Bhuddhist convert • Kalinga campaign • edicts • non-violence • religious toleration

  6. The Gupta Empire Tamil • southern Indian peoples • matriarchal Gupta Empire • India’s 2nd empire • Chandra Gupta - 320 AD • “Great King of Kings” • very high taxes • art, literature, religion, sciences • society • patriarchal

  7. 1 Section Assessment Mauryan Empire Only Gupta Empire Only First Empires of India 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Compare the Mauryan and Gupta empires. Both Chandragupta used spies, Asoka followed teachings of Buddha. Unified through force, required high taxes, lasted for about 100 years Defeated the Shakas, period of great cultural achievements, invaded by Hunas

  8. Chapter 7India and China Establish Empires,300 B.C. - 550 A.D. Section 2 Trade Spreads Indian Religions and Culture

  9. Trade Spreads Indian Religions and Culture Objectives • To explain why and how religion changed in India. • To describe achievements in Indian literature, art, science, and mathematics. • To summarize Indian trade activity and its effects on India and other Asian cultures. • Vocabulary:Mahayana, Theravada, Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Kalidasa, Silk Roads

  10. Changes in Religious Thought Buddhism • desire causes suffering • small following • Asoka conversion • Mahayana • mass religion; salvation for all • good works to save humanity • bodhisattvas • stupas • Buddha as idol • Theravada • stricter, original teaching • individual discipline 4:50 9:15

  11. A Hindu Rebirth Hinduism • shift to ‘monotheism’ • Brahma • creator of the world • Vishnu • preserver of the world • Shiva • destroyer of the world • Literature • Kalidasa • Shakuntala • Science • earth is round 6:00 3:30

  12. Spread of Indian Trade Natural Resources • spices, minerals, woods • Silk Roads • trade routes China to Rome • middlemen • Indians • Increased trade • rise in banking system • Southeast Asia • art, architecture, dance, religion

  13. 2 Section Assessment Indian Culture Religion Literature/Arts Science/Math Trade Trade Spreads Indian Religion and Culture 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. For each category shown below, list one or more specific developments in Indian culture. Mahayana Buddhism; Hinduism became more personal. Buddhist sculptures; Kalidasa wrote Shakuntala. The decimal system; medical guides. Profited from Silk Roads trade; traded with Rome, Africa, Southeast Asia, Arabia, China

  14. Chapter 7India and China Establish Empires,300 B.C. - 550 A.D. Section 3 Han Emperors in China

  15. Han Emperors in China Objectives • To describe the rise and rule of the Han Dynasty. • To examine Han government structure. • To characterize Han technology, commerce, and culture. • To describe the period of political instability in the middle of the Han period • Vocabulary:Han Dynasty, centralized government, civil service, monopoly, assimilation

  16. Han Restore Unity in China Civil War after Qin - 206 - 202 BC Han Dynasty • Former Han • centralized government • reduced strict Legalism • 400 years • “people of the Han” • Liu Bang - 1st emperor • Empress Lu • infant sons • Wudi • martial emperor • established civil service schools • Later Han

  17. Han Government Structure • high taxes (merchants) • % of crops (farmers) • military service / projects • civil service • government jobs by exams • Confucian ideals • Technology • paper - 105 AD • collar harness • Commerce • monopoly - govt exclusivity • silk trade

  18. Centralized Government Han Emperors in China 3 Section Assessment 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List the methods that Han rulers used to centralize the government. Required local officials to report to central government Built up bureaucracy Established monopolies in many industries Created civil service, based on exams

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