Day 139: The Eisenhower Era

1. Day 139: The Eisenhower Era Baltimore Polytechnic Institute April 12, 2012 A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green

2. Reading Check 1. This is where Ho Chi Minh scored a victory against the French in Indochina in 1954. 2. Gamal Abdul Nasser led this nation and decided to nationalize this strategic waterway (2). 3. He served as President Eisenhower’s Secretary of State. 4. He led Cuba from the 1930’s to 1959 when this Communist took control of the country (2). 5. This individual was propped up by a coup by the CIA in 1953 to lead Iran.

3. The Eisenhower Era 1952-1960 Objectives: Indicate how America reacted to Pearl Harbor and prepared to wage war against both Germany and Japan. Describe the mobilization of the American economy for war and the mobilization of manpower and womanpower for both the military and wartime production. Describe the war’s effects on American society, including regional migration, race relations, and women’s roles. Explain the early Japanese successes in East Asia and the Pacific, and the American strategy for countering them. AP Focus Early in the war, Germany, Japan, and Italy have considerable military success. The Allies, except for France, which had surrendered in 1940, are fortunate not to be overwhelmed completely. Fearing that they will be disloyal, President Roosevelt orders the detention of Japanese Americans, a serious violation of basic American civil rights.

4. Chapter Focus Chapter Themes Unified by Pearl Harbor, America effectively carried out a war mobilization effort that produced vast social and economic changes within American society. Following its “get Hitler first” strategy, the United States and its Allies invaded and liberated conquered Europe from Fascist rule. The slower strategy of island-hopping against Japan also proceeded successfully until the atomic bomb brought a sudden end to World War II.

5. Rise and Fall of Joseph McCarthy Accused Dean Acheson of employing 205 known Communists only 57 genuine communists and never rooted out 1 Accused General George Marshall of a huge conspiracy Ike tried to stay out of the gutter with McCarthy Deprived government of Asian specialists that may have helped with Vietnam dictated personnel at the State Department Army-McCarthy Hearings Died in 1957 of chronic alcoholism

6. Desegregating American Society Segregation 15 million African-Americans 2/3 still lived in the South Emmett Till in 1955 Segregation tarnished American’s international image North moves first equal access, baseball, Sweatt v. Painter (1950) Rosa Parks-December 1955 Montgomery bus boycott MLK

7. Seeds of the Civil Rights Revolution Truman commissioned “To Secure These Rights” ended segregation in 1948 in federal civil service/military Earl Warren Brown v. Board Border States made more effort than the deep South Ike not on board did send federal troops to Little Rock, Arkansas 1957-1st Civil Rights Act since Reconstruction Civil Rights Commission

8. Eisenhower Republicanism at Home Limited Federal Government Cut back on Truman’s military buildup military spending 10% of GNP oil fields went to state control attempted to curb the TVA Dixon/Yates controversy private power company to build a generating plant to compete with the public utility born during the Great Depression HEW-free distribution of the Salk anti-polio vaccine as “socialized medicine” Federal Highway Act of 1956 42,000 miles of highway $27 billion dollars Mobilize the troops anywhere Killed the train

9. Revising Taft-Hartley Landrum-Griffin Act 1959 bring labor leaders book for financial shenanigans and bullying tactics The Teamsters and Hoffa caused the conversation for reform to occur

10. Class Discussion 1. Begin 1950’s chart 2. Complete Korean Conflict Chart

11. Homework Read Chapter 35 Prepare for 5 question reading check on Tuesday