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Cry Freedom. Group Members: Christina Pan Alice Erin. Background Information of Cry Freedom. Presenter: Christina Pan. Population: approx. 43,424,386 people Ethnic Groups: 75.2% black
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Cry Freedom Group Members: Christina Pan Alice Erin
Background Information of Cry Freedom Presenter: Christina Pan
Population: approx. 43,424,386 people Ethnic Groups: 75.2% black 13.6% white 8.6% colored (mixed race) 2.6% Indians Language: 11 official languages- English Afrikaans 9 African languages General Facts About South Africa
Brief History of S.A-chronology of important events • 16 century- Portuguese ships landed at Table Bay. Bantu-speaking farmers and herdsmen establish trade with Europeans. • 1652- First permanent Dutch settled at Cape of Good Hope. • 1688- French Hughenoots begin to settle at the Cape • 1795- Britain seize control of the Cape • 1814-London Convention: Dutch formally cede Cape to British • 1836-40-Afrikaners migrate eastward. • 1948-76-Apartheid (種族隔離政策) • 1990-94-Dismantled apartheid
Background Information of Afrikaners • 7% of the population in S.A • Ancestor: Dutch settlers • Most of them are farmers • Many Afrikaners’ forebears arrived in S.A in search of independence from government oppression. • Fought wars with Khoikhoi,Xhosa, and British armies to claim land. • Defeated in the Boer War • 1940 the National Party gained appeal among Afrikaners by emphasizing racial separation • Brought apartheid into all areas of social and economic life in S.A
Separate and Unequal:education and jobs for the blacks • The concept of unequal allocation of resources was built into legislation on general facilities, education, and jobs. • The Reservation of Separate Amenities Act stated that all races should have separate amenities(福利設施). • The Extension of University Act prohibited blacks from attending white institutions and established separate schools for the blacks. • Black school had inferior facilities, teachers, and textbooks. • Certain works were reserved only for the whites. • Millions of black workers were unqualified for anything but the lowest-paid jobs.
Background information of Steve Biko • Born on 18 December 1946, King Williams Town, Eastern Cape. • He was expelled from his first school for ‘anti-establishment’ behavior. • Transferred to a Roman Catholic boarding school in Natal. • Enrolled at the University of Natal Medical School. • One of the founders of the Black People Convention(BPC) working on social upliftment projects. • Elected as the president of BPC and was expelled from medical school. • Banned by the Apartheid government in 1973. • Arised ‘Black Consciousness’.
Black Consciousness • Steve Biko argued that blacks often oppressed themselves by acceptong the second-class status accorded to them by the apartheid system, and he stressed that they had to liberate themselves mentally and physically. • He rejected the use of violence and emphasized that only nonviolent methods should be used in the struggle against apartheid.
Historical Scenes In Cry Freedom • The raid on Crossroads squatter’s camp. • 1975 • An violent act to remove the black’s resident II. The Soweto student strike • 16th June, 1976 • The children of Soweto organized a march in protest being taught in Afrikaans and against the Bantu Education system • The police opened fired. • The government responded by banning the Black Consciousness Movement and many other political organizations.
Media Matters Presenter : Erin Su
Flashback --Flashback is used to take us back to the result of the actual inquest before the Woods escaping in January, 1978. #Crossroads squatters’ camp in 1975 meeting between Biko and Woods in 1975 Biko’s arrest and subsequent death on 12th, September, 1977Woods decided to force an inquest into Biko’s death Woods escaped to England to publish the book of Biko’s story --To rearrange the chronological sequence of events.
Freeze framing --Drill key images into our brain, ensuring that certain signals of a central message are being received by the audience. --Also help to authenticate these images, as a historical scene. ex. the opening images; the approaching of the police cars
Photo-journalistic techniques --telex messages ---these cues question about who these people are and about what is going on ---makes the whole event much more evident and convincing
---staggered zoom ---increase the tension, threaten, chaos, and panic ex. close ups of individuals caught up in the raid; the approaching vehicles; the screaming baby
---superimposed image of a telescope gunsight ---heightens the drama and immediacy of the attack, giving it an authentic feel ---create an air of chaos and panic ---has the similar function of staggered zoom