Six Essential Nutrients

1. Six Essential Nutrients

2. What is nutrition? • Nutrition- The science of food and how the body uses it in health and disease. • Calories- the unites of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body.

3. Six Essential Nutrients • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Fats • Vitamins • Minerals • Water

4. Your Body Needs Nutrients • Your body needs nutrients for energy and growth and to repair your body. • Nutrients also help the body maintain basic functions, such as circulating your blood and breathing.

5. No single food supplies all the nutrients the body needs to function.

6. Carbohydrates • Carbohydrates are the starches and sugars found in food. • Separated into two groups: simple and complex carbohydrates. • Should make up 55-60% of total daily calories.

7. CARBOHYDRATES Provide the body with most of its energy

8. Simple Carbohydrates • Made up of sugars Such as fructose, and lactose. (Found in fruit and milk) • Adds sweetness to foods.

9. Complex Carbohydrates • Made up of starches • Found in whole grains, seeds, nuts dried peas and beans, and root vegetables such as potatoes.

10. Proteins • The body builds new cells and tissues from the amino acids found in proteins. • Throughout your life your body replaces damaged or worn-out cells. • Body also uses protein to make enzymes, hormones, and antibodies. • Consists of complete and incomplete proteins.

11. Proteins Proteins are made up of 22 building blocks called amino acids. Build, maintain, and repair body tissues

12. Fats • Fats provide many different health functions • Transport Vitamins A, D, E, and K • Help growth and healthy skin • Help satisfy hunger • Foods that are high in fats often tend to be higher in calories • Recommended to eat 20 to 30% of your total daily calorie intake.

13. Saturated vs. Unsaturated • Saturated • Holds all the hydrogen atoms it can • Usually found in Animal fats and dairy products • High intake of saturated fats is link to heart disease. Unsaturated • Has at least one unsaturated bond • Vegetable oils (usually liquids) • Associated with a reduced risk of heat disease

14. Fats Regulate body temperature, cushion vital organs, provide substances your body needs for normal growth and healthy skin

15. Vitamins • Vitamins are compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients. • Found in the foods we eat • Vitamin deficiency can arise from a lack of vitamins, leading to different symptoms.

17. Vitamins Trigger many of the body processes, set off chemical reactions in your body’s cells

18. Minerals • Minerals are substances that the body cannot manufacture but that are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes • Important minerals include calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, and Iron

19. Minerals Are an essential part of your bones, teeth, and internal organs, and help regulate body functions.

20. Water • Vital to every body function. • Transports nutrients and carries wastes from your cells. • Helps maintain normal body temperature • Important to drink at least 8 cups of water a day • Certain foods such as fruits and veggies also contain some water

21. Water Regulates body functions and carries nutrients to cells, carries waste from your body.

22. Fiber • an indigestible complex carbohydrate • Found in stringy parts of veggies, fruits, and whole grains • Eat about 20-35 grams of fiber each day to stay healthy