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Minder Chen, Ph.D. mchen@gmu

XML Extensible Markup Language: An Introduction The Enabling Technology for B2B eCommerce and Web Site Development. Minder Chen, Ph.D. mchen@gmu.edu. References. XML Programming by R. Allen Wyke , Sultan Rehman , Brad Leup , Microsoft Press, 2002

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Minder Chen, Ph.D. mchen@gmu

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  1. XMLExtensible Markup Language: An Introduction The Enabling Technology for B2B eCommerce and Web Site Development Minder Chen, Ph.D. mchen@gmu.edu

  2. References • XML Programming by R. Allen Wyke, Sultan Rehman, Brad Leup, Microsoft Press, 2002 • Al McKinnon, Linda McKinnon, XML, Course Technology, July 22, 2002 • Online resources: • XML Poster: http://www.zapthink.com/download/download.html# • Our XML resources: • Microsoft XML resources: • http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml/ • Dedicated XMLsites: • http://www.xml.com/ and http://www.xmlsoftware.com/ • XML-Data standard • http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/NOTE-XML-data/ • XML namespaces: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/ • XSL standard: http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/WD-xsl-19981216.pdf • The World Wide Web Consortium XML Workgroup: http://www.w3.org/XML/Activity • Timothy Bray's (co-editor of the XML spec.) XML page • http://www.textuality.com/xml/ • http://www.builder.com/Authoring/XmlSpot/ • http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/xml.html#applications

  3. HTML and XML Courselist.xml Courselist.htm Courselist.doc XML <?xml version="1.0" ?> <courselist> <course level="basic"> <firm>AITC</firm> <title>Intr. to XML</title> <date>May 29, 1999 </date> <price currency="USD"> 220 </price> <location>Reston Lab </location> </course> </courselist> HTML <html><head><title>Course List</title></head> <body> <ol> <li>Course List <ul> <li> AITC offers <li> Intr. to XML <li> basic-level <li> May 29, 1999 <li> Price $220 <li> Reston Lab </ul> </ol> </body></html> Plain English Course List: AITC offers Intr. to XML a basic-level course on May 29, 1999 Price $220 at Reston Lab

  4. Document Receiver: John Sender: Harry Subject: Hello ============================ Dear John, Hello! ……………… ... This is the document for you! Harry May 12, 1999 • Structure • Content • Display Simple E-mail document

  5. What is XML? Extensible Markup Language, abbreviated XML, describes a class of data objects called XML documents and partially describes the behavior of computer programs which process them. XML is an application profile or restricted form of SGML, the Standard Generalized Markup Language [ISO8879]. By construction, XML documents are conforming SGML documents. XML documents are made up of storage units called entities, which contain either parsed or unparsed data. Parsed data is made up of characters, some of which form character data, and some of which form markup. Markup encodes a description of the document's storage layout and logical structure. XML provides a mechanism to impose constraints on the storage layout and logical structure. A software module called an XML processor is used to read XML documents and provide access to their content and structure. It is assumed that an XML processor is doing its work on behalf of another module, called the application. This specification describes the required behavior of an XML processor in terms of how it must read XML data and the information it must provide to the application. XML stands for "Extensible Markup Language". • It is extensible because it is not a fixed format like HTML. • It is designed to enable the use of simplified SGML on the World Wide Web. • A language and set of rules for formally defining markup languages • A markup meta-language

  6. XML’s Relation with HTML and SGML • What is HTML? HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a specific application of SGML used in the World Wide Web. • SGML is the "mother tongue", used for describing thousands of different document types definitions (DTD) in many fields of human activity. HTML is just one of these document types. SGML DTD for HTML HTML Documents

  7. XML’s Relation with HTML and SGML • XML is an abbreviated version of SGML, to make it easier for you to define your own document types, and to make it easier for programmers to write programs to handle them. • It omits the more complex and less-used parts of SGML in return for the benefits of being easier to write applications, easier to understand, and more suited to delivery and interoperability over the Web. XML is more "SGML--" rather than "HTML++".

  8. XML • Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 • W3C Recommendation 10-Feb-98 A meta-language for defining XML DTD. XML Schema is a competing standard. XML 1.0 Recommendation For a specific type of document such as a definition of Purchase Order's data structure. It is used to validate XML document. XML DTD For a specific document such as a specific Purchase Order. XML Document

  9. So, You Need More Than XML… Structure DTD XML Parser Validation Document with Special Format (HTML/CSS) XML document Processing Content Display XSL

  10. Well-Formed XML • Must start with an XML declaration • Non-empty tags must match and nest properly • Empty tags must end with /> • Must have exactly one root element • Tag and attribute names are case-sensitive • Attribute values must be quoted

  11. Rules for Well-Formed XML • A standard for encoding data • 4 key differences from HTML • First: Mandatory Closing Tags • The set of Tags is unlimited but all container tags must have end tags. <tag>…</tag> <TAG>…</TAG> • Example of legal XML • <Person><Name>Adam Smith</Name> <Title>General Manager</Title> <Age>42</Age></Person>

  12. Rules for Well-Formed XML • Second: Proper Element Nesting. • All tags must be nested correctly. Like HTML, XML can intermix tags and text, but tags may not overlap each other. • Legal XML <Person>John Smith is an <role>advocate </role> for <technology>XML</technology> </Person> • Illegal XML <Person><Name>John </Name><KeyPoint><Hd>XML provides a data bus</Hd> </Person><More>…</More> </KeyPoint>

  13. Rules for Well-Formed XML • Third: Double-quote value delimiters • All attribute values must be enclosed in single or double quotation marks. • Legal: <tag attribute = "value"> or <tag attribute = 'value'> • Illegal: <font size = 6> XML tags are case sensitive. <myTAG> <Mytag> are different

  14. Rules for Well-Formed XML • Fourth: Single tag elements. • Singleton tags (called empty element or tags without content) must be written in an abbreviated form using special XML syntax. • Legal: <BR/> <HR/> • <TITLE></TITLE> is equivalent to <TITLE/> • Illegal: <BR> <HR>

  15. So What! • "You guys look like a bunch of geniuses, and all you did was say, 'Make the tags balance.' " --- A Silicon Valley executive • "There is really not much technology in XML, and even less that is new. But there are a few touches that while small, have been crucial." • XML is text, not binary. • Superior error-handling • Internationalization --- Tim Bray

  16. Sample XML Document <?xml version="1.0"?> <PLANT ZONE="3"> <COMMON>Columbine</COMMON> <BOTANICAL>Aquilegia canadensis</BOTANICAL> </PLANT> A string literal was expected, but no opening quote character was found. Line 3, Position 13 <PLANT ZONE=3> ------------^

  17. XML Document: Namespaces <?xmlversion="1.0"?><!--unprefixedelementtypesarefrom"books"--><bookxmlns='urn:loc.gov:books'xmlns:isbn='urn:ISBN:0-395-36341-6'><title>CheaperbytheDozen</title><isbn:number>1568491379</isbn:number></book> • Namespaces provide ways to mix XML tags without chaos <?xml version="1.0"?><!-- both namespace prefixes are available throughout --><bk:book xmlns:bk='urn:loc.gov:books'         xmlns:isbn='urn:ISBN:0-395-36341-6'>    <bk:title>Cheaper by the Dozen</bk:title>    <isbn:number>1568491379</isbn:number></bk:book>

  18. Creating XML Using XML Notepad http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=72d6aa49-787d-4118-ba5f-4f30fe913628&displaylang=en

  19. XML Document: Validation • You can enforce rules about these tags. Two kinds of ways to define rules for the document. These rules can be used to validate an XML document or used by XML authoring tools to guide the creation of an XML document. • Document Type Definition (DTD): This is used to define a grammar for the tags and attributes. This syntax is supported, but deprecated by Microsoft. It uses a special non-XML-based grammar • XML Schema (XML-Data): This is a much richer and more extensible way to describe the rules for the content of a document and uses XML itself as a grammar.

  20. XML Document Structure <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE book SYSTEM "bookreview.dtd” > <book> <author> Jane Smith </author> <review> . . . </review> </book> <!-- “person” is the root element.--> <?imgsize size=“200,200” ?> • Prologue: • XML declaration • Document Type Declaration (DOCTYPE) • Processing Instructions and Comments • Root Element and its child nodes • Epilogue: • Comments and • Processing Instructions

  21. Anatomy of a Tag <H1 ALIGN="CENTER"> XML Tutorial </H1> <H1 ALIGN="CENTER"> XML Tutorial </H1> Attribute Closing tag Opening tag Element

  22. flower2.dtd: Put DTD and XML in One File <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE PLANT [ <!ELEMENT PLANT (COMMON, BOTANICAL)> <!ATTLIST PLANT ZONE CDATA #IMPLIED> <!ELEMENT COMMON (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT BOTANICAL (#PCDATA)> ]> <PLANT ZONE="3"> <COMMON>Columbine</COMMON> <BOTANICAL>Aquilegia canadensis</BOTANICAL> </PLANT>

  23. Child Element Occurrence Symbol

  24. Element Declaration • Elements that contain only other elements are said to have element content • Elements that contain both other elements and #PCDATA are said to have mixed content • For example, the definition for burns might be <!ELEMENT burns (#PCDATA | quote)*> • The vertical bar “|” indicates an or relationship, the asterisk indicates that the content is optional (may occur zero or more times); therefore, by this definition, burns may contain zero or more characters and quote tags, mixed in any order. All mixed content models must have this form: #PCDATA must come first, all of the elements must be separated by vertical bars, and the entire group must be optional.

  25. Attribute-list Declaration [52] AttlistDecl ::= '<!ATTLIST' S Name AttDef* S? '>' [53] AttDef ::= S Name S AttType S DefaultDecl Example: <!ATTLIST termdef          id       ID       #REQUIRED          name    CDATA    #IMPLIED><!ATTLIST list          type    (bullets|ordered|glossary)  "ordered"><!ATTLIST form          method  CDATA   #FIXED "POST"> If an attribute has a default value declared with the #FIXED keyword, instances of that attribute must match the default value.

  26. DefaultDecl

  27. Attribute type Description CDATA Indicates to the processor to expect text as the attribute value. ID Specifies a unique identifier to the attribute. ID names must start with a letter or underscore and cannot contain a white space. NMTOKEN Specifies that the attribute must start with a letter or an underscore and cannot contain a white space. However, in the case of a NMTOKEN, duplicate values are allowed. Enumerated This type does not have a keyword. It consists of a list of all possible values placed inside parentheses and separated by the "|" symbol, as in the following example: <!ATTLIST Book Binding (soft | hard) #REQUIRED>

  28. flower3.xml: Plant List <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE PLANTLIST [ <!ELEMENT PLANTLIST (PLANT+)> <!ELEMENT PLANT (COMMON, BOTANICAL)> <!ELEMENT COMMON (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT BOTANICAL (#PCDATA)> <!ATTLIST PLANT ZONE (e|w|s|n) "e" KEY ID#REQUIRED> ]> <PLANTLIST> <PLANT ZONE="w" KEY="A123"> <COMMON>Columbine</COMMON> <BOTANICAL>Aquilegia canadensis</BOTANICAL> </PLANT> <PLANT ZONE="e" KEY="A124"> <COMMON>Columbine</COMMON> <BOTANICAL>Aquilegia canadensis</BOTANICAL> </PLANT> </PLANTLIST>

  29. The Node Structure of XML Document Document Attributes Processing Instruction comment (Root) Element Attributes Document Type Notations Entities childNodes EntityReference CDATASection Element Processing Instruction Text Comment

  30. Well-Formed XML and Valid XML • Well-Formed XML: • A well-formed XML document does not necessarily include a DTD or a schema. • Valid XML: • XML that conforms to the vocabulary specified in a DTD or schema.

  31. XML- Data Type <Schema name="PLANTLIST" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-data" xmlns:dt="urn:schema-microsoft-com:datatypes"> <ElementType name="COMMON" content="textOnly"/> <ElementType name="BOTANICAL" content="textOnly"/> <AttributeType name="BESTSELLER" dt:type="enumeration" dt:values="yes no" default="no" /> <ElementType name="PLANT"> <element type="COMMON"/> <element type="BOTANICAL"/> <attribute type="BESTSELLER"/> </ElementType> <ElementType name="PLANTLIST" content="eltOnly" model="closed"> <element type="PLANT" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="*" /> </ElementType> </Schema> flower_schema.xml

  32. XSL • A CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) defines the specification for an HTML document's presentation and appearance. • Similarly, XSL (Extensible Style Language) defines the specification for an XML document’s presentation and appearance. • XSL is used to transform XML-based data into HTML or other presentation formats. • XSL is a subset of DSSSL (Document Style Semantics and Specification Language). DSSL is a style language used primarily with SGML. • XML is a subset of SGML. • XSL is the proposed style language for XML documents.

  33. Sample XSL and XML greeting.xml <?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="greeting.xsl" type="text/xsl" ?> <greeting> Hello World! </greeting> greeting.xsl <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xsl"> <xsl:template match="/"> <H1> <xsl:value-of /> </H1> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>

  34. XML and XSL XML deals only with the data structures and contents of a document XSL specifies rules to convert XML patterns to HTML tags and contents Client-Side XML XML Web server XML and XSL processor display Internet HTML (Browser) XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language (Browser-side add-on or building functions)

  35. Integrating XML and XSL: product_xsl3.xml <?xml version='1.0'?> <?xml:stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="product_xsl3.xsl" ?> <PRODUCTLIST> <PRODUCT> <ID>html100</ID> <NAME>Introduction to HTML</NAME> <PRICE>$200</PRICE> </PRODUCT> <PRODUCT> <ID>xml100</ID> <NAME>Introduction to XML</NAME> <PRICE>$250</PRICE> </PRODUCT> </PRODUCTLIST>

  36. product_xsl3.xsl <?xml version="1.0"?> <HTML xmlns:xsl= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xsl"> <BODY> <H1> Course Listing </H1> <xsl:for-each select="PRODUCTLIST/PRODUCT"> <xsl:value-of select="ID"/> : <b><xsl:value-of select="NAME"/></b> <br/> <i> Price: <xsl:value-of select="PRICE"/></i> <hr/> </xsl:for-each> </BODY> </HTML>

  37. Server-side XML & XSL Processing • Advantages: Browser independent; client only requires HTML support • Server is tasked with XSL transformation Servlet or Server-side scripting http://java.sun.com/xml/

  38. simple.xml You don’t need this for the XML_ServerControl.aspx <?xml version='1.0'?> <?xml:stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="simple.xsl" ?> <breakfast-menu> <food> <name>Belgian Waffles</name> <price>$5.95</price> <description>two of our famous Belgian Waffles with plenty of real maple syrup</description> <calories>650</calories> </food> <food> <name>Strawberry Belgian Waffles</name> <price>$7.95</price> <description>light Belgian waffles coverred with strawberrys and whipped cream</description> <calories>900</calories> </food> <food> <name>Berry-Berry Belgian Waffles</name> <price>$8.95</price> <description>light Belgian waffles coverred with an assortment of fresh berries and whipped cream</description> <calories>900</calories> </food> <food> <name>French Toast</name> <price>$4.50</price> <description>thick slices made from our homemade sourdough bread</description> <calories>600</calories> </food> <food> <name>Homestyle Breakfast</name> <price>$6.95</price> <description>two eggs, bacon or sausage, toast, and our ever-popular hash browns</description> <calories>950</calories> </food> </breakfast-menu>

  39. XML_ServerControl.aspx

  40. BookStore.xml <Bookstore> <genre name="Business"> <book ISBN="BU1032" Title="The Busy Executive's Database Guide" Price="19.99"> <chapter num="1" name="Introduction"> Abstract... </chapter> <chapter num="2" name="Body"> Abstract... </chapter> <chapter num="3" name="Conclusion"> Abstract... </chapter> </book> <book ISBN="BU2075" Title="You Can Combat Computer Stress!" Price="2.99"> <chapter num="1" name="Introduction"> Abstract... </chapter> <chapter num="2" name="Body"> Abstract... </chapter> <chapter num="3" name="Conclusion"> Abstract... </chapter> </book> <book ISBN="BU7832" Title="Straight Talk About Computers" Price="19.99"> <chapter num="1" name="Introduction"> Abstract... </chapter> <chapter num="2" name="Body"> Abstract... </chapter> <chapter num="3" name="Conclusion"> Abstract... </chapter> </book> </genre> </Bookstore>

  41. BookList.aspx <%@ Page Language="VB" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>DataList Bound to XML</title></head><body> <form runat="server"> <h1>Bookstore: Business</h1> <asp:XmlDataSource id="MySource" DataFile="~/App_Data/Bookstore.xml" XPath="Bookstore/genre[@name='Business']/book" runat="server"/> <asp:DataList id="MyDataList" DataSourceId="MySource" runat="server"> <ItemTemplate> <table><tr><td> <img alt="Cover Image" src='<%#"images/" + Eval("ISBN") + ".gif"%>'></td> <td><h4><%# Eval("Title") %></h4> <b>ISBN:</b> <%# Eval("ISBN") %><br> <b>Price:</b> <%# Eval("Price") %><br></td> </tr></table> </ItemTemplate> </asp:DataList> </form></body></html> • XPath: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms256471.aspx • http://quickstarts.asp.net/QuickStartv20/aspnet/samples/data/DataListXml_vb.aspx

  42. simple.xsl <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0“ xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <BODY STYLE="font-family:Arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:12pt; background-color:#EEEEEE"> <xsl:for-each select="breakfast-menu/food"> <DIV STYLE="background-color:teal; color:white; padding:4px"> <SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold; color:white"> <xsl:value-of select="name"/> </SPAN> - <xsl:value-of select="price"/> </DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:20px; margin-bottom:1em; font-size:10pt"> <xsl:value-of select="description"/> <SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic"> (<xsl:value-of select="calories"/> calories per serving) </SPAN> </DIV> </xsl:for-each> </BODY> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>

  43. XML_ServerControl.aspx <%@ Page Language="VB" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <asp:Xml ID="Xml1" runat="server" DocumentSource="Menu.xml" TransformSource="Menu.xsl" ></asp:Xml> </div> </form> </body> </html>

  44. RSS: Really Simple Syndication <rss version="0.91"> <channel> <title>XML.com</title> <link>http://www.xml.com/</link> <description>XML.com features a rich mix of information and services for the XML community.</description> <language>en-us</language> <item> <title>Normalizing XML, Part 2</title> <link>http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/12/04/normalizing.html</link> <description>In this second and final look at applying relational normalization techniques to W3C XML Schema data modeling, Will Provost discusses when not to normalize, the scope of uniqueness and the fourth and fifth normal forms.</description> </item> <item> <title>The .NET Schema Object Model</title> <link>http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/12/04/som.html</link> <description>Priya Lakshminarayanan describes in detail the use of the .NET Schema Object Model for programmatic manipulation of W3C XML Schemas.</description> </item> <item> <title>SVG's Past and Promising Future</title> <link>http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/12/04/svg.html</link> <description>In this month's SVG column, Antoine Quint looks back at SVG's journey through 2002 and looks forward to 2003.</description> </item> </channel> </rss>

  45. RSS_GenerateSimple.aspx <%@ Page Language="VB" ContentType="text/XML" %> <%@ import Namespace="System" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Configuration" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Data" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Data.OleDB" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Web" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Web.UI" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.IO" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Text" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Xml" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Data.Common" %> <%@ OutputCache Duration="300" VaryByParam="None" %> <script runat="server"> Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Response.ContentType = "text/xml" GenerateRSS() Response.End() End Sub Public Function GetArticles() As OleDbDataReader Dim conn As OleDbConnection Dim cmd As OleDbCommand conn = New OleDbConnection() conn.ConnectionString = _ System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("RSSConnString").ConnectionString cmd = conn.CreateCommand() cmd.CommandText = "Select Title, Link, Description, PublishDate from Articles" cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text conn.Open() Return cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection) End Function

  46. Continued… Private Sub GenerateRSS() Dim reader As OleDbDataReader ' Create XmlWriter which will generate RSS output Dim xmlOut as StringBuilder = New StringBuilder() xmlOut.Append("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?>") xmlOut.Append("<rss version='2.0'>") xmlOut.Append("<channel>") xmlOut.Append("<title>XML.com</title>") xmlOut.Append("<link>http://www.xml.com/</link>") xmlOut.Append("<description>XML.com features a rich mix of information and services for the XML community.</description>") reader = GetArticles() While (reader.Read()) xmlOut.Append("<item>") xmlOut.Append("<title>" & reader("Title").ToString() & "</title>") xmlOut.Append("<link>" & reader("Link").ToString() & "</link>") xmlOut.Append("<description>" & reader("description").ToString() & "</description>") xmlOut.Append("<pubDate>" & DateTime.Parse(reader("PublishDate")).ToString() & "</pubDate>") xmlOut.Append("</item>") End While xmlOut.Append("</channel>") xmlOut.Append("</rss>") Response.Write(xmlOut.ToString()) reader.Close() End Try End Sub </script>

  47. RSS_Feed.aspx <%@ Page Language="VB" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <script runat="server"> Protected Sub ddRSS_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Dim DataFileName as String DataFileName = ddRSS.SelectedValue If DataFileName.Substring(0, 7).ToLower = _ "http://" or DataFileName.Substring(DataFileName.Length-3, 3).ToLower = "xml" Then xdsRSS.DataFile = ddRSS.SelectedValue Else DIm origin as Uri = HttpContext.Current.Request.Url DIm relative as String = ddRSS.SelectedValue DIm newUri as URI = new Uri(origin, relative) xdsRSS.DataFile = newUri.ToString() End If End Sub </script>

  48. Continued… <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <h2>Using the XmlDataSource Control</h2> <div> <b>RSS Feed:&nbsp; </b> <asp:DropDownList ID="ddRSS" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True" OnSelectedIndexChanged="ddRSS_SelectedIndexChanged" > <asp:ListItem Value="">Select One:</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="~/RSS/cnn_tech.xml">CNN Technologies News</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="~/RSS/XMLForASP.NET.xml">XML for ASP.NET RSS</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="~/RSS/RSS_Sample.xml">RSS Sample</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="http://msdn.microsoft.com/asp.net/rss.xml">MSDN ASP.NET RSS</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="~/RSS/XMLDB.xml">Static RSS generated from RSS.mdb </asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="RSS_Generate.aspx">1a. Relative URL Dynamic RSS generated from RSS.mdb - Use xmlWriter</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="RSS_GenerateSimple.aspx">1b. Relative URL Dynamic RSS generated from RSS.mdb -- Do not use xmlWriter </asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="http://localhost:4542/XMLTutor/RSS_Generate.aspx">2. Full URL Dynamic RSS generated from RSS.mdb </asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Value="http://www.xmlforasp.net/XML/RssGenerator.aspx">Reset to original</asp:ListItem> </asp:DropDownList>

  49. Continued… <br /> <br /> <asp:DataList ID="dlRSS" runat="server" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#E7E7FF" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="3" GridLines="Horizontal" EnableViewState="False" DataSourceID="xdsRSS"> <FooterStyle BackColor="#B5C7DE" ForeColor="#4A3C8C" /> <SelectedItemStyle BackColor="#738A9C" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#F7F7F7" /> <AlternatingItemStyle BackColor="#F7F7F7" /> <ItemStyle BackColor="#E7E7FF" ForeColor="#4A3C8C" /> <ItemTemplate> <a href='<%# XPath("link") %>' style="text-decoration:none;"><%# XPath("title") %></a> </ItemTemplate> <HeaderStyle BackColor="#4A3C8C" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#F7F7F7" /> </asp:DataList> <asp:XmlDataSource ID="xdsRSS" runat="server" XPath="/rss/channel/item" DataFile="http://www.xmlforasp.net/XML/RssGenerator.aspx" CacheDuration="60"></asp:XmlDataSource> </div> </form> </body> </html>

  50. Existing methods - EDI messages • UN standard format (EDIFACT) or X.12 • Compact strings, with numeric qualifiers. Strict limitation on the number of characters and position of data in a document. • Example: • UNH+900576+ORDERS:D:93A:UN:EAN007’BGM+220+H940568’DTM+137:19940201:102’NAD+BY+5412345000176::9’NAD+SU+4012345000094::9’LIN+2’PIA+5_1857990455:IB’IMD+F+BAU+:::Farell J G’IMD+F+BTI+:::The Singapore Grip’QTY+21:1’PRI+XXX:7.99’UNS+S’CNT+2:2’UNT+15+900576’ • Rules for data type control

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