1 / 28

British Imperialism in India

British Imperialism in India. Where is India?. End of Mughal Rule. 1600s, the British East India Company set up trading posts at Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta. The native Mughal Empire that inhabited India collapsed and India was open for the taking. British East India Company.

vernice
Download Presentation

British Imperialism in India

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. British Imperialism in India

  2. Where is India?

  3. End of Mughal Rule • 1600s, the British East India Company set up trading posts at Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta. • The native Mughal Empire that inhabited India collapsed and India was open for the taking.

  4. British East India Company • A private British company that basically ran India • Controlled the economy, government and politics of the entire region

  5. British East India Company • WHY INDIA? • the silk road: • India was a world leader of weaving cloth and the world wanted stronger, washable and more colorful fabric • The British East India Company basically took over India to control the fabric (textile) industry

  6. Resentment of British Rule • Indians were second-class citizens in their own country. • Even Indians with a European education faced discrimination (like Gandhi) • paid less than Europeans.

  7. Beginnings of Indian Nationalism The new Indian middle classes slowly grew tired of the injustice of British rule 1885 – a large group of these new Indian nationalists founded the Indian National Congress

  8. Positive Effects - India • the world’s third largest railroad network was a major British achievement. • a modern road network, telephone and telegraph lines, dams, bridges, and irrigation canals • Sanitation and public health improved. • Schools and colleges were founded, and literacy increased.

  9. Negative Impact for India • British held much of the political and economic power. • Restricted Indian-owned industries such as cotton textiles. • Racism against Indians in their own land • Loss of cultural practices and language

  10. Independence of India • The main historical figures of the Indian independence movement include Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Mohammad Ali Jinnah. • Gandhi is known for pacifism, or non-violent resistance • Ali Jinnah, the leader of the Muslim League • India and Pakistan become free and independent countries on August 15, 1947

  11. Independence of India • Nehru (Gandhi’s right hand man) became the first Prime Minister of the newly formed democratic country of India • Muhammad Ali Jinnah became the first Governor General of Pakistan

  12. Partition of India and Pakistan • At independence, the British partitioned India into Indiaand Pakistan • Two parts of India were divided, Bengal and Punjab. • The eastern part of Bengal became East Pakistan and western part of Punjab formed the West Pakistan. • Mohandas Gandhi believed that Hindus and Muslims could and should live in amity and opposed the partition

  13. Pakistan: • After independence from Great Britain, Pakistan was split into two partsseparated by India • EastPakistan • WestPakistan • The two parts were only held together bytheir common religion, Islam.

  14. BANGLADESH Warstarted between West Pakistan & East Pakistan • India sided with theEast (Bangladesh) • West Pakistan became Pakistan • East Pakistan became Bangladesh

  15. BANGLADESH • Why did this happen? • EastPakistan – very poor (subsidence farmers) • WestPakistan – very rich (many raw materials and petroleum) • Simply put, the rich controlled the poor and the poor became upset

  16. India since Independence

  17. Nehru • Ally of Gandhi. • 1st Prime Minister of India, 1947-1964. • Industrialized India • Nonaligned Movement • Neutral between USSR and USA

  18. Indira Gandhi • No relation to Mahatma Gandhi • Nehru’s daughter. • Prime Minister of India, 1966-1984. • Faced rebellion • Assassinated in 1984

  19. Rajiv Gandhi • Indira’s son. • Prime Minister of India, 1984-1989. • Reformed economy and government • Also faced rebellion • Assassinated in 1991

  20. Major problems & Issues in India today • Overpopulation  1 billion & climbing • Hindu-Muslim tensions • Terrorism • Nuclear Weapons • Political assassinations

  21. Kashmir Conflict • The Kashmir conflictis a territorial dispute between India and Pakistan over the Jammu and Kashmir regions of South Asia

  22. Kashmir Conflict • India and Pakistan have fought several wars over Kashmir, called the Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1947, 1965 and 1999.

  23. Nuclear rivalry

  24. Is this a possibility?

More Related