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Essential vocab for “Planet of Slums”

Essential vocab for “Planet of Slums”. Keynesianism Neo-liberalism IMF/World Bank SAPs Urban Primacy/Rank-Size rule Over-urbanization Urbanization without development. Global Cities vs. Megacities. Megacities are defined by LARGE POPULATION SIZE > 8 M

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Essential vocab for “Planet of Slums”

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  1. Essential vocab for “Planet of Slums” • Keynesianism • Neo-liberalism • IMF/World Bank • SAPs • Urban Primacy/Rank-Size rule • Over-urbanization • Urbanization without development

  2. Global Cities vs. Megacities • Megacities are defined by LARGE POPULATION SIZE • > 8 M • Global cities, are often large, but are defined more by ECONOMIC LINKAGES • The number of MEGACITIES is increasing exponentially, and especially in the non-triad (economic periphery) • Up until 1970, most MEGACITIES were in the TRIAD, now relatively few are • HYPERCITIES = > 20M; most are, again, in non-triad

  3. Percent Urban Population Fig. 13-1: Percent of the population living in urban areas is usually higher in MDCs than in LDCs.

  4. Percent Urban by Region Fig. 13-2b: Although under half of the people in most less developed regions are urban, Latin America and the Middle East have urban percentages comparable to MDCs.

  5. In 2002

  6. In 2015

  7. North America 2-2 • Europe 3-3 • Japan 2-2 • South America 4-6 • Africa 1-2 • South Asia/ME 7-11 • E/SE Asia 6-8 • Total Triad 7-7 • Total non-triad 18-27

  8. Top “10” in the world today • 1: Tokyo 34m • 2: Seoul 23m • 3: New York 22m • 4: Mexico City 19m • 5: Sao Paolo 18m • 6: Mumbai 18m • 7: LA 18m • 8: Dehli 15m • 9: Shanghai 14m • 10: Calcutta 14m

  9. Urbanization without development/industrialization • The vast production of urban slums; especially in the emerging non-triad MEGACITIES; and especially in those that are also PRIMATE CITIES • 921 million people in 2001 • 50% under age 20 • Issues of tenure • Issues of infrastructure – 1/500 toilet to people ratio in the slums of Mumbai • Issues of location – ecological disaster in the making • Vastest “shanty-town” corridor in world: 70 million people stretching from Abidjan to Ibadan

  10. Why • Specific history of colonialism • 1980s-1990s – the actions of both the World Bank and the IMF • SAPS • Eliminate trade barriers • Open-up economies • Move from “keynesianism” to “neoliberalism” • Resulted in massive collapse of agricultural sector • From subsistence to EXPORT oriented • Massive urbanization of surplus population

  11. What’s the grassroots response? • One important cultural response has been rise in MONOTHEISM • Pentecostal Christianity • Sunni (often Wahabi) Islam

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