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15.2 The Crisis Deepens. Fugitive slave act , 1850. It is part of the Compromise of 1850. People accused of being fugitives could be held without a warrant and they have no right to a trial. Northerners were obligated to help catch runaways.
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Fugitive slave act, 1850 • It is part of the Compromise of 1850. • People accused of being fugitives could be held without a warrant and they have no right to a trial. • Northerners were obligated to help catch runaways. • People who helped runaways could be fined or jailed. • Slave catchers worked across the north further aggravating the situation.
Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852 • Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote this about a fictional slave's life as he moves from one master to another. • It was popular in the North and increased abolitionism.
Kansas-Nebraska Act • Stephen Douglas wrote this bill to organize territorial governments for the Nebraska Territory. • It divided Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska. • It suggested slavery be decided by popular sovereignty (people vote on it). • It would nullify the Missouri Compromise.
Bleeding Kansas, March, 1855 • Pro and anti-slavery people rushed into Kansas just to vote in territorial legislature elections. • 5000 Missourians came and voted in the election illegally. • The official Kansas legislature ended up being packed with pro-slavery representatives. • Anti-slavery settlers boycotted the government and set up a government of their own.
May, 1855 a pro-slavery mob attacked the city of Lawrence ("Sack of Lawrence"). • John Brown (crazy abolitionist) and 7 other men went to the cabins of several pro-slavery neighbors and murdered 5 people in the Pottawatomie Massacre. • Civil War broke out in Kansas and lasted for 3 years.
Violence in Congress • In May, 1856 , Senator Sumner gave a speech attacking pro-slavery forces and made fun of A.P. Butler (South Carolina). • Preston Brooks, a relative of Butler attacked Sumner and beat him with a cane. • "Bleeding Kansas" and "Bleeding Sumner" became a rallying cry of anti-slavery Northerners.