Review for SBA

1. Review for SBA

2. What evidence might you use to support that these might have a common ancestor? • bilateral symmetry • body segmentation • endoskeleton (bony or cartilaginous) • pharyngeal pouches (ears) (present during some stage of development) • complete digestive system • ventral heart • closed blood system • tail (at some stage of development) • Chordates (Chordata) • Vertebrates-fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. • Four characteristics • Stiff dorsal rod helps to organize the embryo’s development. • The central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) is tubular • Their sides have slits just behind the head. These pharyngeal slits (pharynx means “throat”) becomes gill slits of adult fish. In air-breathing chordates, they develop into various organs such as internal parts of the ears • They have a tail; in humans it’s the tailbone, or coccyx, which curls internally.

4. Which of the following matches a cell organelle with its function? A. chloroplast—movement B. nucleus—cell regulation C. vacuole—energy production D. mitochondrion—photosynthesis Which of the following normally results from meiosis in a human cell that contains 46 chromosomes? A. an egg cell with 46 chromosomes B. a liver cell with 23 chromosomes C. a blood cell with 46 chromosomes D. a sperm cell with 23 chromosomes

5. The cell organelle shown below produces ATP and is found in most eukaryotic cells that require large amounts of energy. The highest concentration of such organelles would be found in which type of human cell? A Bone B Skin C Muscle D Fat

6. Energy?

7. What would happen if all the rodents died?

8. Male peafowl, called peacocks, have long, colorful tail feathers. Among peacocks there is variation in the size, brightness, and pattern of the tail. Scientists observed the mating success of two groups of peacocks. The graph below shows the scientists’ data. • Explain what the data show about the advantage of longer, more colorful tails for peacocks. • Identify one disadvantage that longer, more colorful tails have for peacocks. • Explain in detail how the longer, more colorful tails evolved in peacocks despite causing disadvantages for the males.

9. In 2006, scientists discovered fossilized skeletons of an animal with several interesting features. Fossil evidence indicated that the animal not only had scales, fins, and gills, but also had lungs, a full set of ribs, and limb bones arranged to support the animal’s weight. The illustration below shows what the animal, called Tiktaalik, probably looked like based on the fossil evidence. Which of the following statements best explains why the Tiktaalik fossils are an important piece of evidence for evolution?   A.They include skeletons of both males and females.   B.They are complete skeletons of a carnivorous animal.   C.They allow scientists to estimate the animal’s lifespan.   D. They show a transitional form between fish and land-dwelling vertebrates.

11. Heat • Heat flows from where it is to where it is not. • The rate of heat exchange depends upon the temperature difference. • Different substances have different abilities to conduct heat. The energy required to raise 1 gram/ 1 degree celsius is a Kelvin, what is it in SI? • What are the 3 methods of heat transfer?

13. Fault types • Which would occur at a spreading plate boundary? • Which is the type of the san andres fault, in CA?

14. Rock Cycle

17. The Moon produces no light, and yet it shines at night. Why is this? A. The Moon reflects the light from the Sun. B. The Moon rotates at a very high speed. C. The Moon is covered with a thin layer of ice. D. The Moon has many craters.

18. Table 5b-1: Evolution of the Earth's atmosphere.

21. Which question cannot be answered using scientific methods? A What is the most nutritious food for cats? B How far is Jupiter from the sun? C Who deserves to be vaccinated in a time of crisis? D Which fuel source is the most economical to replace coal?

22. The graph below shows the average resting body temperatures of Gila monsters in the southwestern United States by month. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the graph? A Gila monsters are most active when environmental temperatures are highest. B Gila monster populations are largest when environmental temperatures are highest. C Increases in Gila monster body temperatures directly affect the environmental temperature. D Increases in environmental temperatures cause Gila monster body temperatures to increase.

25. N2. Which one of these refers only to living things? A. clouds, fire, rivers B. fire, rivers, trees C. rivers, birds, trees D. birds, trees, worms E. trees, worms, clouds

26. Where would you be most likely to find a bird with a foot like this? A. a forest B. a meadow C. a corn field D. a desert E. a lake

27. A baby chick grows inside an egg for 21 days before it hatches. Where does the baby chick get its food before it hatches? A. It is fed by the mother hen. B. It doesn’t need any food. C. It makes its own food. D. It uses food stored in the egg. E. It eats the egg shell.

28. Oil flows slower than water when poured from the same container under similar conditions. Which of the following properties best explains this behavior? A Density B Ductility C Viscosity D Turbidity

29. A powder made up of both white specks and black specks is likely to be A. a solution B. a pure compound C. a mixture D. an element

30. Which is -an element -a compound -a mixture of elements -a mixture of compounds -a mixture of element and compound

31. Chemical Equations Balance the following equations. 2 Mg + SiO22 MgO + Si CaCl2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + 2 NaCl 2 C6H6 + 15 O212 CO2 + 6 H2O Al2S3 + 6 H2O2 Al(OH)3 + 3 H2S Balance the following equations. Mg + SiO2MgO + Si CaCl2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + NaCl C6H6 + O2 CO2 + H2O Al2S3 + H2O Al(OH)3 + H2S

32. Which is NOT used as an energy source? A. Flowing water B. Iron ore C. Sun D. Oil

33. John kept some seeds on moist cotton in a dish. Mike put the same kind of seeds in a dish beside John’s dish, and covered them with water. After two days, John’s seeds sprouted, but Mike’s did not. Which is the most likely reason? A. Mike’s seeds needed more air. B. Mike’s seeds needed more light. C. Mike did not put the dish in a warm enough place. D. Mike should have used a different kind of seed.

35. Which animal produces milk for its young? A. Chicken B. Frog C. Monkey D. Snake

36. In a box there is a mixture of iron filings and sand. Which is the easiest way to separate the iron filings from the sand? A. Pour water on the mixture B. Use a magnifying glass C. Use a magnet D. Heat the mixture

38. Which of the following best describes the process producing most of the sun’s energy? A Hydrogen combusts to produce energy. B Helium atoms split in a fission reaction, forming hydrogen atoms and releasing energy. C Hydrogen atoms fuse to form helium atoms, releasing energy. D Helium atoms decompose in a chemical reaction, producing energy

39. Your temperature is taken when you are NOT sick. Which temperature is CLOSEST to what the thermometer would show? A. 29°C B. 37°C C. 100°C D. 212°C

40. Which of the following elements is classified as a metal? A bromine B helium C sulfur D lithium Which of the following atoms has the largest atomic radius? A barium (Ba) B chlorine (Cl) C iodine (I) D magnesium (Mg)

41. Ken put a thermometer in a glass filled with hot water. Why does the liquid inside the thermometer rise? A. Gravity pushes it up. B. Air bubbles are released. C. Heat from the water makes it expand. D. Air pressure above the water pulls it up.

43. While hiking in the Sandias, I accidentally strayed from the National Forrest trail. My friend said we were on a game trail (one used only by wild life), what evidence would you look for to support such a claim?

44. This picture shows a block of wood floating in fresh water. If this block were placed in salt water from the ocean, which picture shows what would happen?

50. The diagram below shows a model of a simple electrical generator. There are conducting pieces that allow the circuit to remain closed as the handle is turned. The bulb can be lit as current electricity is produced in the wires when the handle turns the metal coil. In your answer document, A. State what the pieces labeled “X” represent. • B. Describe how an electrical • current is produced when • the coil is turned.