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MICE Beamline Commissioning

MICE Beamline Commissioning. Linda R. Coney NFMCC Meeting 16 January 2010. Outline. Overview of MICE beam line 2009 Run Goals Target Operation Stability Detector Commissioning p , e, p, and m beams Beam optics optimization and measurements Upstream Quadrupoles

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MICE Beamline Commissioning

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  1. MICE Beamline Commissioning Linda R. Coney NFMCC Meeting 16 January 2010

  2. Outline • Overview of MICE beam line • 2009 Run Goals • Target • Operation • Stability • Detector Commissioning • p, e, p, and m beams • Beam optics optimization and measurements • Upstream Quadrupoles • Decay Solenoid • Muon beam emittance measurements • Conclusions Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 2

  3. MICE Beam Line • TOF2 attached to front of KL and installed end of November Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 3

  4. Goals for Running in 2009 • Begin MICE Step I • Commission new target • Commission detectors • GVA1, CKOVa, CKOVb, TOF0, TOF1, FNAL Beam Profile Monitors, KL • High intensity running for study of ISIS activation • Commission Decay Solenoid • Calibrate TOF system • Calibrate CKOV and KL • Perform Beam Studies: • Beam loss vs. Particle Rate • Optimize Upstream Beamline (Q1, Q2, Q3) • Decay Solenoid optimization • Optimize DAQ for increased particle rate • Measure muon beam emittance Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 4

  5. Outline • Overview of MICE beam line • 2009 Run Goals • Target • Operation • Stability • Detector Commissioning • p, e, p, and m beams • Beam optics optimization and measurements • Upstream Quadrupoles • Decay Solenoid • Muon beam emittance measurements • Conclusions Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 5

  6. Target Operations • 50,000 pulses of redesigned target in test stand in R78 • New target installed in ISIS August 2009 • Run at base rate (50 Hz/32) and with ISIS at 50 Hz (Normal User Run) • Inspected after 12k, 22k, 42k, 63k – PASSED • Target is working beautifully – NO problems • Target stability checked every 5000 pulses • Process to monitor target behavior agreed upon with ISIS • Target timing wrt ISIS MS signal monitored • Coordinating Beam Loss measured by MICE with that measured by ISIS • Target Operation: 112,000 pulses to date • Machine Physics – 8 days of MICE running • September User Run – 10 days • Nov/Dec User Run – 12 days MICE target path ISIS cycles MS marker ISIS losses Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 6

  7. Target Monitoring • Target stability checked every 5000 pulses • Study Beam Center Distance (BCD) to monitor target stability • Clear difference between BCD distribution for functioning target and failing target • Failing target has much broader spread • T2 distribution 3-4 times as broad • Interpreted as target “sticking” • Target BCD very stable Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 7

  8. Target Data Taking • Target Operation Studies: • Search for ideal timing with respect to ISIS cycle • Also a function of target depth • ISIS Beam loss vs particle rate study • Increase target depth, producing ISIS beam loss of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 V • In 2008, maximum ISIS beam loss 50 mV • Found edge of beam at injection g need to avoid next pulse on out-swing • Studies of different accelerations: modified drive voltages on capacitor bank • ISIS machine study: beam bump at MICE target Normal BLMs around ISIS with MICE target inactive (Sector 7) Target operating at 2V beamloss Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 8

  9. Target Operations • Beamloss (in Sector 7) for the 13 hour run at 1V • Two distinct peaks (although only fitted a single Gaussian) • Double structure due to ISIS beam wandering in cyclic pattern • Not due to variation in target depth! Beam Loss Variation Activation Study • Survey of target area after long 1V run • Slight activation (max. 500 mSieverts/hour) in couple of spots near target • No impact on measurements around the rest of ISIS • ISIS suggests repeat at 5V beamloss Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 9

  10. ISIS Beam Bump Study • BEAM BUMP TEST (last 2ms of cycle): D. Adams & M. Popovic • 1ms-long kick generated to change nominal orbit • New orbit kept stable for another 1ms • All brought back to the nominal trajectory • The test was performed as follows: 0- use nominal trajectory setting (ISIS) 1- set target BCD for 50 mV losses 2- align target dip minimum with the extraction edge 3- record dip depth and delay 4- extract target 5- introduce the bumped orbit 6- insert target until produce 50mV loss again 7- record dip depth and delay • Results • Ddepth of ~5mm reproduced the 50mV loss (predicted value was 7mm) • ISIS beam closer to target reduces depth needed to generate a defined beamloss g faster insertion, better control of next pulse clipping • Bumped orbit well controlled locally • Rest of orbit very stable Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 10

  11. Beam Loss vs Particle Rate Study • Beamline set for 300 MeV/c p- beam • Losses calculated using fit to curve of BLM7SUM peak • Error bars (tiny) just from rms/sqrt(#counts) Counts in GVA1 A. Dobbs Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 11

  12. Beam Loss vs Particle Rate Study II • Beamline set for 300 MeV/c p- beam • Losses calculated using fit to curve of BLM7SUM loss peak • Error bars (tiny) just from rms/sqrt(#counts) Counts in FNAL BPM1 A. Dobbs Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 12

  13. Next: Beam Loss vs Particle Rate • Repeat analysis using integrated beam loss rather than fit to peak method • ISIS determines MICE losses using integration over full cycle • Rate vs beam loss plots as function of particle type • Uses TOF for PID and rate counter • Cannot use BPMs for this as beam content may change between them • Can use current data for this study • Repeat study with positive particles • Repeat study with muon beamline • Take more data points at higher beam loss Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 13

  14. Outline • Overview of MICE beam line • 2009 Run Goals • Target • Operation • Stability • Detector Commissioning • p, e, p, and m beams • Beam optics optimization and measurements • Upstream Quadrupoles • Decay Solenoid • Muon beam emittance measurements • Conclusions Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 14

  15. MICE Beamline and Detectors Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 15

  16. 0.48 m 0.48 m 10 x 4cm scintillator bars sx = 1.15 cm st = 50 ps 7 x 6cm scintillator bars sx = 1.73 cm st = 50 ps Tof-0 Tof-1 Time of Flight Counters • TOF0, TOF1 installed for September & Nov/Dec User Runs • TOF2 installed in late November • Horizontal and vertical bars • Have proven to be invaluable in beamline commissioning Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 16

  17. Data Taking Program: Positive Particles • Detector Calibration: • 300 MeV/c pions - 4000 target pulses (translates to about 330,000 particles used for calibrating the TOF system) • 250 MeV/c pions - 350 target pulses (also for TOF) • 200 MeV/c pions - 450 pulses (also for TOF) • 300 MeV/c positrons - 1500 target pulses (CKOV and KL calorimeter) • 150 MeV/c positrons - 1200 target pulses (CKOV and KL calorimeter) • Beam Studies: • 330 MeV/c pions to study Decay Solenoid effects on beam optics - 2000 pulses • Muon Beams:  • 444 MeV/c pi+ to mu+ beam- 500 pulses Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 17

  18. 333 MeV/c pion beam • Sept 10 with 500mV losses Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 18

  19. 333 MeV/c proton beam • Sept 06 Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 19

  20. 444 MeV/c pi+ to mu+ beam • Motivation to switch beam polarity Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 20

  21. 444 MeV/c pi- to mu- beam • After switched to negative beam Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 21

  22. Data Taking Program:Negative Particles • In October – switched beamline polarity • Detector Calibration: • 300 MeV/c p- - 2800 target pulses (TOF system) • 300 MeV/c electrons - 5750 target pulses (TOF, CKOV and KL calorimeter) • 150 MeV/c electrons - 1200 target pulses (TOF, CKOV and KL calorimeter) • Beamline Studies: • 300 MeV/c p- for particle rate vs beam loss study – 400 pulses • 300 MeV/c p- for spill gate vs particle rate study – 500 pulses • 330 MeV/c p- for particle rate vs beam loss study – 2400 pulses • 50mV, 100mV, 200mV, 300mV, 400 mV, 500 mV losses • Optimization of Upstream Beamline - 330 MeV/c p- Q1,Q2,Q3 scans – 1100 pulses • Muon Beams – Emittance Measurements • 444 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam - 1500 • 337 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam – 1550 • 444, 420, 400, 360, 337 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam – 500 pulses Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 22

  23. Data Taking Program with TOF2 • End of November – TOF1 moved, TOF2 installed • Detector Calibration with TOF1 trigger: • 300 MeV/c p- : 6500 target pulses (calibrating TOF system & target delay study) • 250 MeV/c p- : -500 target pulses (TOF system) • 300 MeV/c electrons - 3000 target pulses (TOF,CKOV and KL) • Muon Beams - Emittance measurement data • 444 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam - 9100 pulses • 337 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam – 1000 pulses • 444 MeV/c p- to 200 MeV/c m- beam – 1000 pulses • 444 MeV/c p- to 300 MeV/c m- beam – 1000 pulses • 400 MeV/c p- to 225 MeV/c m- beam – 2000 pulses • 337 MeV/c p- to 200 MeV/c m- beam – 2600 pulses Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 23

  24. TOF Calibration • Many TOF bars to calibrate • Need lots of data! • Last year’s data……..This year… • TOF system with TOF2 in progress 2009 330 MeV/c (Peaks overlap) p 2008 m 2009 300 MeV/c increased statisticsg e Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 24

  25. TOF Calibration: Time Resolution • Different calibration done for September and Nov/Dec Runs • Discrimination threshold changed and improved time resolution • September: TOF0 – 52 ps, TOF1 – 68 ps • Nov/Dec: TOF0 – 51 ps, TOF1 – 58 ps • TOF1 completely calibrated, TOF0 all but slab0 and slab9 in both planes Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 25

  26. Cherenkovs • Two aerogel Cherenkov counters • Installed downstream of Q6 and TOF0 • Used to separate e/m/p 220-350 MeV/c • e/m/p calibration data taken • Sample electron data shown Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 26

  27. e/m Identifier • KL lead/scintillating fiber calorimeter module • Installed on temporary support with TOF1 in September • Moved downstream and mounted with TOF2 in November • Calibration in progress • Electron data taken • FADCs all working • DAQ restructured & ok • Electron Muon Ranger (EMR) • Triangular prismatic scintillator bars • Being constructed at UGeneva • Installation later this year Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 27

  28. Outline • Overview of MICE beam line • 2009 Run Goals • Target • Operation • Stability • Detector Commissioning • p, e, p, and m beams • Beam optics optimization and measurements • Upstream Quadrupoles • Decay Solenoid • Muon beam emittance measurements • Conclusions Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 28

  29. Upstream Beamline Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 29

  30. data MC nominal config. Optimization of Upstream Beamline: Q1,Q2,Q3 scan • Q1-2-3 varied from nominal value • Charged particles counted downstream of Decay Solenoid • Compared to MC • Charged • p-, m-,e- • Use MC to predict effect for single current changes • verify in the next run Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 30 14

  31. Optimization of Upstream Beamline: Q1,Q2,Q3 scan • Q1 scan • Good agreement between data and MC for variation of only Q1 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 f1-only (MC) DATA Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 31 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

  32. Optimization of Upstream Beamline: Q1,Q2,Q3 scan f2-only (MC) DATA • Q2 scan • Agreement between data and MC not as good as that for Q1 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 32 32 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

  33. Optimization of Upstream Beamline: Q1,Q2,Q3 scan Q3 scan Data not agree with MC Q3 could be more sensitive to small misalignment f3-only (MC) DATA 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 33 33 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

  34. Run 1121 DS lower 0.30T • Run 1125 DS up 0.30T • Run 1123 Nominal DS Decay Solenoid Optimization • 330 MeV/c pion beam • DS nominal setting 550 A (3.1T) • Vary +/- 10% and study profile in TOF0 • Check data vs MC (our understanding of BL) TOF0 g TOF1 g Study still in progress Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 34

  35. Extra! Extra! m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- m- Muon Beam Studies at MICE! Extra! Extra! • The MICE experiment takes 17000 target pulses of muon beam data! • ~170,000 m at TOF1 • Muon beam e studies begin! Blimey! Muons! Worldwide celebrations ensue! Locals in Britain express strong support for the experiment Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 35

  36. Muon Beam Data • Muon Beams - Emittance measurement data • 444 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam - 10,600 pulses • 337 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam – 2500 pulses • 444 MeV/c p- to 200 MeV/c m- beam – 1000 pulses • 444 MeV/c p- to 300 MeV/c m- beam – 1000 pulses • 400 MeV/c p- to 225 MeV/c m- beam – 2000 pulses • 337 MeV/c p- to 200 MeV/c m- beam – 2600 pulses • Preliminary muon rate survey • 337 MeV/c p- to 250 MeV/c m- beam • Varied target depth to study muon rate as function of beam loss • VERY preliminary! Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 36

  37. Initial 4D eN (mm) 3 6 10 Absorber Pz (MeV/c) 140 Data 200 240 D1 D2 Cooling channel and spectrometers Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 DK sol Target TOF0 TOF1 Diffuser Muon Beam Emittance Measurements • Purpose: generate the elements of the “emittance-momentum matrix” • Study performance at every portion of a full cooling channel • Can we use the TOFs to demonstrate the matrix elements? MICE note 176 Apollonio, Cobb M. Rayner Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 37

  38. dnstream BL tuning: match to diffuser m Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Dipole1 Dipole2 DK solenoid p fix D2 fix D1 Pp=444 MeV/c Pm=255 MeV/c Pm=214 MeV/c Pm=208 MeV/c 38 Marco Apollonio - Imperial College

  39. Measuring (e,P) from DATA • Rationale • check if an optics produces the foreseen (a,b) at diffuser • measure e (and P) of the muon beam • measure beam spread (sigx) and divergence (sigx’ = sig(px/pz)) • How? • use TOF0 / 1 as (x,y) stations • define muon sample • track mu’s in the Q7-8-9 triplet • infer x’, y’  (x,x’) (y,y’) • scatter plots give phase spaces Mark Rayner’s tools Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 39

  40. Muon Beam e Measurement • Use PID on December’s scaled pm decay beam line data • Define muon sample “Central” beamline optics 444 MeV/c pg 250 MeV/c m at D2 6-200 Runs 1380-1397 and 1391-1393 Intermediate momentum beam line with scaled quad currents Runs 1407-1408 444 MeV/c pg 225 MeV/c m at D2 6-140 (rescaled currents) Runs 1409-1411 337 MeV/c pg 200 MeV/c m at D2 Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 40 M. Rayner

  41. Reconstruction procedure • Iterative calculation of increasingly good s=Dz+d and P • Begin with P from P/E=Dz/t • 1 Calculate a linear transfer map at P from TOF0 to TOF1 (top hat quadrupoles) • 2 Deduce x0’ and y0’ from x1 and y1 • 3 Integrate ds while tracking the initial trace space vector through the beam line • 4 Make a better estimate of P from P/E=s/t • 5 Make a small Bethe-Bloch correction for the energy loss in air between the TOFs Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 M. Rayner Marco’s=6mm pabsorber=200 MeV/c centre of the e-p matrix beam 41

  42. Truth Muon Beam e Measurement:x and y trace space Recon’d det. sim. Data M. Rayner Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 42

  43. Goals for Running in 2009 Revisited • Begin MICE Step I  • Commission new target  • Commission detectors  • GVA1, CKOVa, CKOVb, TOF0, TOF1, FNAL Beam Profile Monitors, KL • High intensity running for study of ISIS activation  • Commission Decay Solenoid  • Perform Studies: • Decay Solenoid optimization  - in progress • Beam loss vs. Particle Rate - in progress • Optimize Upstream Beamline (Q1, Q2, Q3)  • Calibrate TOF system  • Calibrate CKOV and KL  ongoing • Optimize DAQ for increased particle rate  ongoing • Measure muon beam emittance – started – ongoing Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 43

  44. m Conclusions • Beamline is working! – negative or positive particles • New target operating smoothly - Systematic monitoring of performance • Decay Solenoid routinely operated – factor 5 increase muon rate • Major increase in loss limits 50 mV (2008) g 1V (2009) • DAQ increase in efficiency: <50 particles/spill (2008) g ≤ 200 part/spill (2009) • Beam loss vs particle rate shows linear dependence • Detectors are working! • TOF0, TOF1 calibrated – TOF2 next • Need more data for TOF2, KL • EMR installation – Summer2010 • Muon beam optics physics is happening! • Upstream beamline is tuned • Initial measurement of muon beam emittance • Muon Rate Study – in progress • More (e,P) matrix data in February/March Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 44

  45. Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010

  46. Target Operations • Beamloss (in Sector 7) for the 13 hour run at 1V • Two distinct peaks (although only fitted a single Gaussian) • Double structure due to ISIS beam wandering in cyclic pattern • Not due to variation in target depth! Beam Loss Variation Activation Study • Survey of target area after long 1V run • Slight activation (max. 500 mSieverts/hour) in couple of spots near target • ISIS suggests repeat at 5V beamloss Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 9

  47. Target Operations II • Target I stability from 16 Sept 2009 • Characteristic double peak due to inherent 0.15 mm position resolution and the pulse by pulse capture position • deltaD for 5th = .13 and for 16th = .12 • Running at same depth – consistent behavior Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 6

  48. Decay Solenoid • Operation of Decay Solenoid is now routine • Provides gain of ~5 in particle flux Without DS With DS Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 34

  49. Decay Solenoid • Operation of Decay Solenoid is now routine • Provides gain of ~5 in particle flux Without DS With DS Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010 35

  50. Beam Stop Open! • Remote operation of Beam Stop Linda R. Coney – 16 Jan 2010

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