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Gender equality can boost economic growth

Gender equality can boost economic growth. Prof. Louka T. Katseli, Director OECD Development Centre Measuring and Fostering the Progress of Societies Istanbul  27-30 June 2007. Presentation Outline. Gender equality: Some trends. I. Why focus on gender equality?. II. III.

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Gender equality can boost economic growth

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  1. Gender equality can boost economic growth Prof. Louka T. Katseli, Director OECD Development Centre Measuring and Fostering the Progress of Societies Istanbul  27-30 June 2007

  2. Presentation Outline Gender equality: Some trends I Why focus on gender equality? II III Understanding and measuring gender equality IV Policy lessons

  3. Gender equality is getting more and more attention… Bangladeshi women take part in a protest demanding equal rights in Dhaka. Photo: AFP

  4. …and a voice Women police officers in India have formed a national forum to fight sexual harassment and discrimination from their male colleagues. Photo: BBC news

  5. But women in powerfulpositions are still an exception… Chile: M. Bachelet Finland: T. Halonen Germany: A. Merkel Liberia: E. Johnson Sirleaf Out of 193 heads of state, only 23 are women!

  6. Gender equality: Some trends I Why focus on gender equality? II III Understanding and measuring gender equality IV Conclusions and Outlook

  7. Gender Equality: Intrinsic and instrumental values One of the Millennium Development Goals A potential driver for economic growth A double dividend for OECD countries increasing work force and improving demographics More sustainable growthin non-OECD countries

  8. A new trend in OECD countries:Employment and fertility can go together Source: Babies and Bosses, OECD (2005)

  9. In non-OECD countries: Lagging growth due to gender inequality 4 Actual growth rate Projected growth rate 3 (percent) 2 1 0 Sub-Saharan Africa South Asia Middle East/North Africa Growth effect of closing the gender gap in schooling. Source: “Engendering Development” (PRR) 2001, in WDR 2000/01, “Attacking Poverty”.

  10. Gender equality: Some trends I Why focus on gender equality? II III Understanding and measuring gender equality IV Conclusions and Outlook

  11. SocialInstitutions Gender equality has many dimensions… …and also involves social institutions Health and Wellbeing EducationalAttainment Political Empowerment Economic Participation Traditional Building Blocks of Gender Equality

  12. The OECD Data Base on Gender GID-DB The OECD Gender, Institutions and Development Data Base …and its innovation: • Social Institutions’ Variables • Family Code • Physical Integrity • Civil Liberties • Ownership Rights

  13. High discrimination in social institutions Elevated discrimination in social institutions Moderate discrimination in social institutions Low discrimination in social institutions Country not included in GID-DB Gender inequality in social institutions Women in Africa, the Middle East and South Asia face impediments to gender equality

  14. …not necessarily associated with per capita income Scale: 0 (minimum) to 1 (maximum) = level of discrimination through social institutions Source: GID Database

  15. Gender equality: Some trends I Why focus on gender equality? II III Understanding and measuring gender equality IV Policy lessons

  16. Policy lessons OECD countries: Change mindsets Allow for a better balance between family life and work Specific instruments: taxes, allowances, leave provision etc. Non-OECD countries: Improve data collection and monitor progress Better understand local specificities Ensure effective design and implementation of laws Strengthen the voice of women Communicate benefits of reforms

  17. For more information: www.oecd.org/dev/gender

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