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This session delves into Polanyi's concept that "We can know more than we can tell" by exploring explicit and tacit knowledge. Learn how tacit knowledge involves personal, cognitive, and technical elements and differentiate examples of tacit and explicit knowledge. Understand the implications of these distinctions for teaching and learning. Enhance your knowledge creation and transfer abilities.
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Knowledge Tacit and Explicit Knowledge
Objective By the end of this session, students will be able to differentiate between tacit and explicit knowledge
Human Knowledge (Polanyi, 1966) • “We can know more than we can tell” (p.4) • Classified into • Explicit knowledge • Tacit knowledge
Explicit Knowledge • Codified knowledge that can be expressed through formal language • Generally captured in speech, written documents and databases.
Tacit Knowledge • Personal in nature • Difficult to formalize and communicated • Tacit knowledge involves (Nonaka, 1994): • Cognitive elements – “mental models” (Johnson-Laird, 1983) schemata, paradigms, beliefs and viewpoints that help us view the world • Technical elements – Concrete know-how, crafts and skills that are applied to specific contexts
Which of these are Tacit or Explicit? Lecture Notes Beckham Executing a free kick Mom cooking rendang A recipe A car owner’s manual An F1 mechanic tuning an F1 car
Learning • Formal – Schools, Colleges • Informal – Interactions, socialization • Non-formal – Community, NGO • Incidental – Action, doing
Conclusion Two types of Knowledge Tacit – personal, hidden. Explicit – Verbalized, printed. Implications Teaching and learning Knowledge creation and transfer