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Jefferson Alters the Nation’s Course

Jefferson Alters the Nation’s Course. Chapter 6 Sections 3 & 4. I Jefferson Wins Presidential Election 1800. Jefferson & Burr (rep) v Adams (fed) Jefferson & Burr tied in electoral votes Hamilton convinces federalists to hand in blank votes to give Jefferson win over Burr

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Jefferson Alters the Nation’s Course

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  1. Jefferson Alters the Nation’s Course Chapter 6 Sections 3 & 4

  2. I Jefferson Wins Presidential Election 1800 • Jefferson & Burr (rep) v Adams (fed) • Jefferson & Burr tied in electoral votes • Hamilton convinces federalists to hand in blank votes to give Jefferson win over Burr • Burr becomes VP and is bitter • Pres. election of 1800 spelled out flaw in Constitution • Congress passes 12th amendment separates ballots for Pres & VP

  3. A. Peaceful Transfer of Power • Despite bitter feelings, Jefferson took power w/o incident • Peaceful transition of power shows Amer. could withstand pol. Change • “every difference of opinion is not difference of principle”

  4. B. Simplifying the Presidency • Jefferson believed simple gov’t best for nation • Reduced size of office • Stopped plans to expand the navy • Rolled back Hamilton’s economic program & the influence of the Bank of US • Jefferson favored free trade because raw mat. From America were in short supply in Europe

  5. C. Southern Dominance of Politics • Jefferson 1st pres. in new capital of DC • 2 following president are from VA • Evidence of decline of federalist & northern influence in pol • Expansion favored rep. because settlers in new states voted for the reo. Who represented the farmer’s interests

  6. II Federalist’s Loose PowerA. John Marshall & Supreme Ct. • Fed. Retain power in judiciary branch • Adams passes Judiciary Act of 1801 before he leaves office • Increased # of fed. Judges & fills position w/ federalists • Midnights judges= judges appointed by Adams before he leaves office • John Marshall appointed Chief Justice • Jefferson argues that since appointments were signed but not delivered by the time Adams left they were invalid

  7. B. Marbury v. Madison • Marbury= 1 of fed. Judges appointed by Adam • Demanded that Madison (rep. sec. of state) del. The papers but he refused • Marbury v Madison ruling= marshall (fed) said Act that forced madison to send papers was unconst. • Victory for rep because fed judhges not appointed • SC decision affirms strong fed. View of judicial rev. • Judicial review= ability of SC to declare act of congress Unconstitutional

  8. Hamilton duels with Burr • Hamilton convinces fed to back Jefferson rather than Burr • Later he backed Burr’s opponent for governor of NY • Burr challenges Hamilton to a duel • Burr shoots and kills Hamilton who shot in the air • End Burr’s political career

  9. A. The Louisiana Purchase • Bonaparte intended to use Louisiana as breadbasket for French west indies • Jefferson sends Monroe to France to buy land from France • French island of Haiti lost in Haitian slave revolt& has no longer has need for Loui. • Monroe buys Louisiana for $15 mil. • Jefferson was strict constructionist & struggled with the purchase • Strict const.= if power was not given by the constitution then gov’t could not have that power

  10. Purchase was ratified and nearly doubles the size of the US

  11. B. Lewis & Clark • Meriwether Lewis & William Clark sent to explore new territory • Documented new animals & native cultures • Sacajawea= native American women who served as an interpreter & guide

  12. I War Hawks Demand War • Jefferson’s pop. Rose after Louisiana Purchase • British impose blockade on Napoleons Europe • Grievances Against Britain • Gb practicing imprssment • Seizing Amer. ships and forcing them to join the British Navy • Congress issues ebargo to hurt European powers and force them to respect Amer. neutrality • Embargo= ban on exporting products to other country • Embargo does not work

  13. B. Grievances against Native Americans • War hawks= those from S & W who called for war • Confed. of nat. Amer. led by Techumseh fought for their land • Nat. Amer. lost at the battle f Tippecanoe • War Hawks found out nat. Amer. were using guns supplied by GBfurhter calls for war

  14. II the War brings Mixed Results • Rep. Madison becomes pres.congress approves war decl. • Battle of ThamesTecumsehdiescollapse of confederacy • British raid & burn towns along Atlantic coast • Burn down white house • Treaty of Ghent = armistice • Armistice= end to fighting • Treaty re-opens trade between countries • Rush-Bagot treaty= limit of warships on Great Lakes

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