Stylistic Devices

Stylistic Devices Ana Umpierre Verónica López Paola Ortiz Darian Crespo Jesús López Nicole Simshauser María Medina Valerie Marshall

Analogy • A comparison of two things to show that they are alike in certain aspects. Writers often make analogies to show how something unfamiliar is like something well known or widely experienced. Examples: Open is to close as near is to far. Dishonest is to honest as always is to never. Snake is to reptile as frog is to amphibian. Kitchen is to cooking as bedroom is to __________.(sleeping, eating, cleaning) Teacher is to school as doctor is to ____________.(healing, hospital, medicine) Painting is to eyes as song is to_________.(ears, listen, music)

Pun • A play on the multiple meanings of a word or on two words that may sound alike. Many jokes and riddles are based on puns. • Examples: • The Energizer bunny was arrested and charged with battery. • The optometrist made a spectacle of himself • A boy answers the phone. The caller asks, "Where are your parents?""They ain't here!""Come on, son. Where's your grammar?""My grammaain't here neither. She's gone to church!“ • Mercutio: “Nay, gentle Romeo, we must have you dance.” Romeo: “Not I, believe me. You have dancing shoes With nimble soles; I have a soul of lead So stakes me to the ground I cannot move.” Romeo and Juliet (Act I scene IV)

in media res • Refers to the poetic technique of beginning a narrative poem at a late point in the story, after much action has already taken place. • Example: • When used in TV it's generally a preamble to a Flash Back, which falls under How We Got Here — where the action starts at the middle or end of the story and quickly flashes back to the real beginning.

Apostrophe • A figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses an absent or dead person, a deity, an abstract quality or something none human as if it were present and capable of responding. • Examples: • Busy old fool • Unruly sun • Why dost thou thus, through windows and through curtains call on us? From “The Sun Rising” by John Donne.

ePISTROPHE • Device that gives emphasis to the last word on a phrase or sentence. Repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses.Examples: • "I'll have my bond!Speak not against my bond!I have sworn an oath that I will have my bond." (Merchant of Venice, III, iii) William Shakespeare.

OXYMORON • A figure of speech that combines contradictory or opposite ideas. Examples: In Romeo and Juliet from the author Shakespeare we can see this list of oxymoron: • cold fire • feather of lead • bright smoke • sick health • loving hate • heavy lightness • Serious vanity • Mis-shapen chaos of well-seeming forms

DIACOUPE • A rhetorical term for the repetition of a word or phrase broken up by one or more intervening words. • Examples: • "And now, my beauties, something with poison in it, I think. With poison in it, but attractive to the eye and soothing to the smell."(The Wicked Witch of the West, The Wizard of Oz, 1939) • "He wore prim vested suits with neckties blocked primly against the collar buttons of his primly starched white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique."(Russell Baker, Growing Up, 1982) • "All happy families are alike, but an unhappy family is unhappy after its own fashion."(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina, 1877)

SYNECHDOCHE • Is a kind of figurative language in which a part stands for the whole, or vice versa. • Examples: • When a ship's captain calls out, "All hands on deck!" (in which "hand" signifies the whole person of each sailor.). P. B. Shelley's poem, "Ozymandias" is built upon the trope of synecdoche. • Saying the "White House," to mean the U.S. government, is an example of synecdoche. • In geography, with many people using the term “America” to refer simply to the United States, or “Britain” to refer to the entire UK. This type of synecdoche is known as totum pro parte, Latin for “taking the whole for the part”. • It can also be more loosely applied to abstract concepts as well, as in referring to “the law” when in fact one was actually pulled over by a single officer.

METONYMY • Figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely related. • Examples: • crowns for royalty • "He writes a fine hand" meaning good handwriting • "The pen is mightier than the sword," meaning literary power is superior to military force. • "The House was called to order," meaning the members in the House.

ANAPHORA • A rhetorical figure involving the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences. It is a type of parallelism. • Examples: • I'm not afraid to die. I'm not afraid to live. I'm not afraid to fail. I'm not afraid to succeed. I'm not afraid to fall in love. I'm not afraid to be alone. I'm just afraid I might have to stop talking about myself for five minutes."(Kinky Friedman, When the Cat's Away, 1988) • "I needed a drink, I needed a lot of life insurance, I needed a vacation, I needed a home in the country. What I had was a coat, a hat and a gun."(Raymond Chandler, Farewell, My Lovely, 1940) • "Here comes the shadow not looking where it is going,And the whole night will fall; it is time.Here comes the little wind which the hourDrags with it everywhere like an empty wagon through leaves.Here comes my ignorance shuffling after themAsking them what they are doing."(W.S. Merwin, "Sire." The Second Four Books of Poems. Copper Canyon Press, 1993)

ANTISTROPHE • The repetition of words in reversed order. The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses. Examples:She is the object of my affection and love, just as I am the object of her affection and love. I know the best party. The Democrats are the best party. I will vote for the best party.

References • Super Teacher Worksheets. (n.d.). Super Teacher Worksheets. Retrieved September 21, 2011, from http://www.superteacherworksheets.com/vocab/analogies2.pdf • Apostrophe. (n.d.). Examples Help. Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://www.examples-help.org.uk/apostrophe.htm • Super Teacher Worksheets. (n.d.). Super Teacher Worksheets. Retrieved September 21, 2011, from http://www.superteacherworksheets.com/vocab/analgies3.pdf • Super Teacher Worksheets. (n.d.). Super Teacher Worksheets. Retrieved September 21, 2011, from http://www.superteacherworksheets.com/vocab/animal-analogies.pdf • Examples of Puns: Word Play in Your Writing. (n.d.). Writer's Block Help - Inspired Creative Writing Ideas and Techniques. Retrieved September 21, 2011, from http://www.writers-block-help.com/examples-of-puns.html • Nordquist, � (n.d.). pun - definition and examples of puns in English. Grammar and Composition - Homepage of About Grammar and Composition. Retrieved September 21, 2011, from http://grammar.about.com/od/pq/g/punterm.htm • Shakespearean Puns. (n.d.). Think Map Visual Thesaurus. Retrieved September 21, 2011, from http://www.visualthesaurus.com • "In Medias Res - Television Tropes & Idioms ." Home Page - Television Tropes & Idioms . N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2011. <http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/InMediasRes>. • Nordquist, Richard. "anaphora - definition and examples of rhetorical anaphora - figure of speech." Grammar and Composition - Homepage of About Grammar and Composition. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Sept. 2011. <http://grammar.about.com/od/ • Nordquist, �. (n.d.). metonymy - definition and examples of metonymy - figure of speech. Grammar and Composition - Homepage of About Grammar and Composition. Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://grammar.about.com/od/mo • Antistrophe. (n.d.). Changing minds and persuasion -- How we change what others think, believe, feel and do. Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://changingminds.org/techniques

Continuation References • Antistrophe - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (n.d.). Dictionary and Thesaurus - Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fantistrophe%3Fsh • Understanding., expressive, s. a., & depth.. (n.d.). Literary Terms in English – Metonymy, Synecdoche: Grammar, Fiction Writing Tools and Tips, Improve Your Skills | Suite101.com. Suite101.com: Online Magazine and Writers' Network. Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://www.suite101.com/content/literary-terms-in-english-metonymy-synecdoche-a129532 • Category. (n.d.). Synecdoche -- Definition of Synecdoche for Creative Writers . About Creative Writing -- Creative Writing Advice . Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://fictionwriting.about.com/od • Definitions of Literary Terms. (n.d.). The Literary Link: home page of Janice E. Patten. Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://theliterarylink.com/definitions • 3:19, t. s. (n.d.). Metonymy. Examples Help. Retrieved September 22, 2011, from http://www.examples-help.org.uk/metonymy.htm • spectator, deceiving the superficial sense of the, and he must strive for. "rhetoric2." VirtualSalt. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Sept. 2011. <http://www.virtualsalt.com/rhetoric2.htm#Epistrophe>. • "Shakespeare's Grammar: Rhetorical Devices." Shakespeare Resource Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Sept. 2011. http://www.bardweb.net/grammar/02rhetoric.html • Nordquist, � (n.d.). diacope - definition and examples of diacope - rhetorical term. Grammar and Composition - Homepage of About Grammar and Composition. Retrieved September 23, 2011, from http://grammar.about.com/od/d/g/diacopeterm.htm

Stylistic Devices