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People’s Republic of China Public Policy. Sam lewando. Outline. Pollution One Child Policy Re-Education Censorship Others. Pollution. 500 million in China without clean drinking water 1% of the population of city dwellers (560 million total) breath air considered clean by the EU.
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People’s Republic of China Public Policy Sam lewando
Outline • Pollution • One Child Policy • Re-Education • Censorship • Others
Pollution • 500 million in China without clean drinking water • 1% of the population of city dwellers (560 million total) breath air considered clean by the EU. • 16 of the 20 most polluted cities in the world • Outdoor pollution accounted for the death of 1.2 million in 2010
Pollution Causes • Corruption, growth and underdeveloped infrastructure • Corrupt local government • Huge population and economic growth • People migrating west to east
Pollution & Government Effort • Ministry of the Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China replaced State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) in 2008. Led by Zhou Shengxian • Environmental Protection Leadership Group upgraded to ministry-level agency to become SEPA in 1998 • $280 Billion over the next five years to be invested into environmental protection • Over the next five years, China will use as much coal as the rest of the world combined
Re-Education Through Physical Labor • Part of laogai system of prison camps • Average sentence from 1-3 years • Government was able to send prisoners to jail for up to 4 years without a trial. • Some labor camps being turned into drug rehabilitation centers.
One Child Policy • Intended to produce a generation of “high-quality” people. • Limits children to one in urban areas and two in rural areas • Policy tools • Fines • Preferential treatment
Exceptions • Urban areas enforced heavily, rural areas lenient • Ethnic minority exceptions • Tibetans have no limit • Ethnic minorities have higher limit
Effects of the Policy • Chinese declared it has prevented 400 million births • Population growth rate is 0.49% • “Spoiled singlets” • Female infanticide and gender imbalance
Censorship • Taking down sites and blocking information • Run by Ministry of Public Security of the PRC • Golden Shield Project and Intranet • “Great Firewall of China” • Economic consequences and insularity http://www.greatfirewallofchina.org/
South China Sea Territorial Disputes • Disputes between China and other countries over small islands • Estimates for resources in area range up to $20 trillion • Chinese aggression & Exclusive Economic Zone
Currency Devaluation • Devaluation means cheap exports • Grows economy at expense of citizens • Insular banking system
Activity: Censorship No unit or individual may use the Internet to create, replicate, retrieve, or transmit the following kinds of information: • Inciting to resist or breaking the Constitution or laws or the implementation of administrative regulations; • Inciting to overthrow the government or the socialist system; • Inciting division of the country, harming national unification; • Inciting hatred or discrimination among nationalities or harming the unity of the nationalities; • Making falsehoods or distorting the truth, spreading rumors, destroying the order of society; • Promoting feudal superstitions, sexually suggestive material, gambling, violence, murder; • Terrorism or inciting others to criminal activity; openly insulting other people or distorting the truth to slander people; • Injuring the reputation of state organizations; • Other activities against the Constitution, laws or administrative regulations.
