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THE LECTURE: Boon or bane?

THE LECTURE: Boon or bane?. Dilip Nair, M.D. Family & Community Health. The lecture is the most inefficient method of diffusing culture. It became obsolete with the invention of printing [ and more so with the invention of the internet .]

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THE LECTURE: Boon or bane?

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  1. THE LECTURE:Boon or bane? Dilip Nair, M.D. Family & Community Health

  2. The lecture is the most inefficient method of diffusing culture. It became obsolete with the invention of printing [and more so with the invention of the internet.] It survives only in our universities and their lay imitators, and a few other backward institutions...” B.F. Skinner, Walden Two, 1946 Cited in Residents as Teachers: A Guide to Educational Practice, Schwenk and Whitman, 1993 Emphasis mine.

  3. Are lectures worth giving in medical education?

  4. Nothing is worse than a poor lecture, disorganized and badly delivered. But nothing is more effective than a good lecture, combining substance with showmanship. Change Magazine, 1978

  5. What makes a lecture effective?

  6. Style Matters Dr. Fox Effect Neal Whitman’s experiment

  7. Goal More effective Lectures at JCESOM

  8. Objectives • To Ask Clarifying Questions Regarding: • Lecture Construction • Lecture Delivery

  9. Outline • Lecture Construction • Appropriate Tool • Adequate Accessories • Lecture Delivery • Rapport • Attention

  10. Lecture Construction:Appropriate Tool? • Overall Teaching Goals • Specific Learning Objectives • Format • Organization • Content

  11. Question 1 How Do Lectures Fit into the Big Pedagogical Picture?

  12. Big Pedagogical Picture • Active Learning vs. Passive Learning • Instructional Dialogue • Assigned Independent Study

  13. Question 2 Is a Lecture Appropriate for the Specific Learning Objectives?

  14. Taxonomy of Objectives • Cognitive • Affective • Behavioral

  15. Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognition Evaluation Synthesis Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge

  16. Question 3 What is the most appropriate Format for the lecture?

  17. Lecture Format • Expository • Participatory

  18. Question 4 Is the Lecture adequately Organized?

  19. Lecture Organization • Introduction • Preview and Overview • Body • Conclusion

  20. Question 5 What is the most appropriate Content for the lecture?

  21. Lecture Content • Selected Concepts • Scarce Information • Complex Information

  22. Outline • Lecture Construction • Appropriate Tool • Adequate Accessories • Lecture Delivery • Rapport • Attention

  23. Lecture Construction:Adequate Accessories • PowerPoint • Handout • Demonstrations • Speaker’s Notes

  24. Question 6 Are the PowerPoint slides appropriate?

  25. PowerPoint Slides • Legibility • Simplicity • Utility

  26. Question 7 What is the most appropriate Handout?

  27. Handouts • Purpose • Format

  28. Question 8 What Practical Demonstrations might be helpful?

  29. Demonstrations • Guests • Models • Analogies • Anecdote

  30. Question 9 What Speaker’s Notes might be helpful?

  31. Speaker’s Notes • Reference material • Optimal speaking style

  32. Outline • Lecture Construction • Appropriate Tool • Adequate Accessories • Lecture Delivery • Rapport • Attention

  33. Question 10 What might facilitate Rapport with the Learners?

  34. Lecture Delivery:Rapport • Beginning • Continuing • Ending

  35. Question 11 What might facilitate the Attention of the learners?

  36. Lecture Delivery:Attention • Non-verbal communication • Speaking • Interacting

  37. Where Have We Been? • Lecture Construction • Appropriate Tool • Adequate Accessories • Lecture Delivery • Rapport • Attention

  38. Why Did We Go There? • To Ask Clarifying Questions Regarding: • Lecture Construction • Lecture Delivery

  39. Question 12 Are lectures worth giving in medical education?

  40. Answer: YES! BUT: Thoughtfully constructed & Carefully Delivered

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