Chapter 18: The Franks

1. Chapter 18: The Franks By Annie dePenaloza, Claire Marchant and Joe Jasso Main Idea: The Germanic People called the Franks rose to power and had success under the emperors Clovis, Charles Martel, Pepin and Charlemagne before dividing into three different kingdoms.

2. Section 1: Frank’s Background • The Franks built a new civilization that developed in to modern France and Germany • They lived along the Rhine River in modern Germany • Most successful Germanic people in governing • They fought, ruled, and they became farmers http://tiny.cc/XHQUQ

3. Tunka Manin • Ruler of Ghana, an African kingdom • Ghana was a very wealthy kingdom • Manin- Lord of gold • Ghana- warrior king • Tunka Manin was a wise leader • Wealthy for 3 reasons: • 1.Riches brought from trade routes • 2.Salt was a popular trade item • There were salt mines north of Ghana • The south had gold • 3. Manin charged taxes on goods traded in Ghana http://tiny.cc/hrgTX

4. Section 1: Clovis • In 481 the Franks chose Clovis as their leader, who was cruel and greedy, but he brought all Franks under one rule • Clovis accepted the Catholic religion • Set up a capital in Paris • Converting to Christianity gained support of Romans, and the Franks began to speak Latin • This made them feel united • The Church helped Clovis, in return Clovis was expected to defend the Church. http://tiny.cc/TMys5

5. Section 2: Charles Martel • Rulers after Clovis were weak and divided the kingdom among their sons • Then the Franks accepted the leadership of a government official called the “Mayor of the Palace” • Charles Martel was the most powerful mayor • Nicknamed “the Hammer” because of his battle strength • Battle of Tours- Franks defeated the Arab and Berbers in 732 • Pepin- Charles’ son and took power after his death • Pepin was first Frankish king to be anointed by Pope and he also defeated the Lombards http://tiny.cc/578LN

6. Im Great! Section 3: Charlemagne • Pepin died in 768 and his sons divided the kingdom • Carloman died and Charles became king of the Franks • Charlemagne- “Charles the Great” • Wanted to bring western Europe under one rule and all Germans to be Christians • Waged a series of wars to achieve this- invaded Italy and defeated Lombards • Led campaigns across Pyrenees Mountains to defeat Muslims in Spain http://tiny.cc/1ADi8 http://tiny.cc/SjbSA http://tiny.cc/hs9qc

7. Section 3: Charlemagne • Basques defeated part of Frankish army which became poem called “The Song of Roland” • By 800 Charlemagne created a large empire of most Germanic people who settled in Europe • Charlemagne forced non-Germans to respect his power and to not fight his army • Church officials helped Charlemagne run the country • Charlemagne and the Pope wanted a new Roman Christian Empire in western Europe • Christmas 800- Pope declares Charlemagne new Roman emperor • As emperor he made law courts ran by counts http://tiny.cc/pL4YQ

8. Section 3: Charlemagne • Counts took care of local problems • Once a year Charlemagne called all counts and warriors to report problems in the empire • Charlemagne ruled his empire from Aachen • He would move around to ensure loyalty of officials • He encouraged monasteries to found schools • Alcuin started a school which trained children • Arts began to flower again • Lords- most powerful people in empire • Lords lived in stone farmhouses tended by farmers • Charlemagne died in 814 and later ruler were weak • The empire divided into three parts by the Treaty of Verdun in 843 http://tiny.cc/mCvD6