MAP AND COMPASS

1. MAP AND COMPASS Learning the Basics

2. MAP AND COMPASS • Where things are and how to get to them • Describe the shape of the land • Define and locate natural and man made features • Distance between two places • Direction from one point to another Topographic Maps

3. MAP AND COMPASS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP SYMBOLS Primary highway Overpass - Underpass Secondary highway Buildings School -- church Light-duty road Woodland Unimproved road Trail Orchard Railroad: single track Scrub Railroad: double track Well water – spring Bridge Rapids Tunnel March (swamp) Falls Footbridge

4. MAP AND COMPASS Map Problem It’s July. Let’s suppose you’re starting a hike at A and heading for Q. PROBLEM 1. For local information or in case of emergency would you go to B, C, or D? Why? ANSWER 1. C has telephone lines next to it. B is a school and probably closed in summer. D is a cemetery. PROBLEM 2.The Wahootchee River flows NW to SE. To paddle downstream, would it be safer to launch canoes at E or F. Why? ANSWER 2. Launch them at F. The map shows rapids between E and F. PROBLEM 3.Would you cross the river at G or H? Why? ANSWER 3. Use the footbridge at G. H is a railroad bridge. PROBLEM 4. Where would you most likely find firewood – I or U? Why? ANSWER 4. At I. Because I is scrub woods. U is an orchard Problem 5. Which trail would you take – J or K? Why? ANSWER 5. K. J goes through a swamp. PROBLEM 6. Which is the easier way to reach P – Trail L or M? Why? ANSWER 6. The closer contour lines of M show a steeper climb.

5. MAP AND COMPASS Direction of Travel Arrow Magnifying Glass Dial or Graduation ring Bearing Index Compass needle – Red points North Orienting Arrow and fluorescent dots North-south lines or orienting lines

6. MAP AND COMPASS THE SYLVA SYSTEM – Easy as 1-2-3 Point the baseplate to your destination

7. MAP AND COMPASS THE SYLVA SYSTEM – Easy as 1-2-3 Set Compass Heading

8. MAP AND COMPASS THE SYLVA SYSTEM – Easy as 1-2-3 Follow Your Heading

9. MAP AND COMPASS