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Graduation Exam 2008

Explore the fundamental aspects of tourism planning and travel management, covering topics such as planning scales, geographical patterns of destinations, market analysis, survey techniques, and resort planning processes. Learn about the key considerations in developing tourist areas and enhancing visitor experiences.

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Graduation Exam 2008

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  1. Graduation Exam 2008 Revision – TP, TM 10 key issues in tourism planning 10 key issues in travel management Nguyen Duc Hoa Cuong MBA – Msc.TM

  2. 10 Key issues in Tourism Planning

  3. 1. Tourism planning scales and approaches Planning at regional scale is even more comprehensive than at the site and destination zone scales • Many more resort areas are involved • A greater number of political jurisdictions are included • The time periods of accomplishment are much longer • Better integration of the whole. Lec 1

  4. 1. Tourism planning scales and approaches The basic planning process follows successive steps as below: • Study preparation • Determination of development goals and objectives • Surveys • Analysis and synthesis • Plan formulation • Recommendations. Lec 1

  5. 2. Levels and types of tourism planningDevelopment area land use planning. Considerations in tourism area zonation: • Degree of tourism potentials; • Type of tourism possible; • Environmental sensitivity; • Method of transport; • Scale of facilities. Lec 2

  6. 2. Levels and types of tourism planning Facility site planning and Facility design. • Specific planning for individual buildings or complexes of buildings such as resorts, hotels, restaurants, attraction features landscaping areas. Lec 2

  7. 3. Geographical pattern of destinations: Objectives: • To express the spatial aspects of any regional policy: locations, concentrations, geographical linkages, travel routes, areas of amenity, and so on • To facilitate the geographical integration of various types of tourism development; and of tourism development with other forms of economic activity • To more effeciently identify locations or “zones” for tourism development. Lec 3

  8. 3. BASE CAMP 4. REGIONAL TOUR 2. EN ROUTE 5. TRIP CHAINING ORIGIN 1. SINGLE DESTINATION 3. Geographical pattern of destinations: Lec 3

  9. 3. Geographical pattern of destinations: 5 types of geographical patterns of destinations: • Single destination: most activities within one destination. • En Route: several destinations visited en route to a main one. • Base camp: other visited while at a primary attraction. • Regional tour: several destinations visited while in a target region. • Trip chaining: a touring circuit of several destinations.

  10. 4. Tourist market analysis • Projection techniques: • Time-series • The Delphi method • Gravity and trip generation model • The experience of tourism growth elsewhere in similar tourism situations • Global and regional trends. Lec 5

  11. 4. Tourist market analysis Calculate the annual average growing rate (%) of the number of arrivals to a destination (Using the Ready-made average increased rate reference table) The Ready-made Average Increased Rate Reference Table: Lec 5

  12. 4. Tourist market analysis 2 formulas of projecting tourism demand: • x = √(Yn/Yo) – 100% or Using a Ready-made Reference Table. • Xn = Xo (1+x)n. n Lec 5

  13. 5. Survey approach and techniques • Indentification and description of attractions Document research Priliminary list Interviews Field surveys Evaluation criteria Evaluation Lec 6

  14. 5. Survey approach and techniques • Example of a list of evaluation criteria • Accessibility • Seasonality • National/ regional/ international importance (value) • Social/ cultural/ economic/ environmental impact • Investment scale and financial sources. Lec 6

  15. 5. Survey approach and techniques • Field survey • In teams (picture on the next slide) • Preparation: maps, handy GPS, camera, binoculars, data card, arrangements, etc., • Plotting attractions on a map • Written summary descriptions. Lec 6 3/ 28

  16. 5. Survey approach and techniques • Matrix evaluation technique • Figure 4.1 (page 96, Textbook 1) • Reviewed by overall experience and judgment of the planning team • Preparation for different (target) tourist markets • Ranking scale: 1 – 5 or 1 – 10 • Numberical weighting • Additional criteria. Lec 6

  17. 6. Survey of cultural attractions • Arts and handicrafts • Dance, music, dramma • Fine arts of painting, sculpting, architectural styles, • Handicrafts • Small scale or large scale?. Lec 6 3/ 28

  18. 7. Important indicators in land use planning • Unit densities (Mật độ xây dựng) • Building height (chiều cao công trình – chiều cao trung bình) • Building setbacks (khoảng lùi của công trình) • Floor area ratio (hệ số sử dụng đất) • Site coverage (diện tích chiếm đất) Lec 9

  19. 8. The resort planning process Regional relationships: • Adequacy and type of access? • Access of the resort to other attractions and nearby towns • Availability of water and electric power supply, telecommunication, sewage and solid waste disposal • Labor supply and housing conditions to the resort employees • Socio-cultural impact implications. Lec 10

  20. 8. The resort planning process Examples: • Accessibility • Attractions • Infrastructure • Labor supply Lec 10

  21. 8. The resort planning process Community relationships: • Local Government agencies or community organizations • Informed about the proposed resort • Reviewing the draft planning proposal • How to participate in benefit from the resort? Lec 10

  22. 8. The resort planning process Why community relationships? • Avoid reallocation of the local residents • Mitigate unexpected impacts • Local knowledge and advocacy. Lec 10

  23. 8. The resort planning process Reallocation and compensation program • Equiptable compensation paid for their land and housing • If possible situate them near the resort • Training and education to change their job • Provision of employment and business opportunities. Lec 10

  24. 9. Tourism related legislation Decree on travel and tour guide business of Vietnam: • Obtaining a business license • Obtaining a travel business license • Deposit 250 mill. VND (for international travel business) or 50 mill. VND (for domestic travel business) in a blocked bank account • Having at least 3 tour guides with an international tour guiding license • Travel agencies are allowed to sell tours, not to run the tour • Tour guides are obliged to have a working contract with a tour operator. Lec 14

  25. 10. Organizational structures for tourism National Tourism Administration (NTA) organization: • Regional tourism agency, non-statutory or statutory board or a combination of these • Functions: policy, planning, some development and facility operation, coordination, statistics and research, marketing and tourist information services, coordination of education and training, industry standards, administrative. Lec 14

  26. 10. Organizational structures for tourism Private sector tourism organizations: • Organized by types of enterprises in a separate or combined manner • Financing is through memberships, depending on the relative scale of the enterprises. Lec 14

  27. 10. Organizational structures for tourism Functions: • Forum for discussing and resolving common problems • Making coordinated recommendations to the Government tourism office • Conducting research and training • Supporting special events. Lec 14

  28. Thank you!Good luck!

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