1 / 15

Unit: Acids, Bases, and Solutions

Day 1 - Notes. Unit: Acids, Bases, and Solutions. Introduction to Solutions. After today you will be able to…. Explain the differences between the three different types of solutions Describe how to make a supersaturated solution Describe how to increase the rate of dissolving.

vnilsson
Download Presentation

Unit: Acids, Bases, and Solutions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Day 1 - Notes Unit: Acids, Bases, and Solutions Introduction to Solutions

  2. After today you will be able to… • Explain the differences between the three different types of solutions • Describe how to make a supersaturated solution • Describe how to increase the rate of dissolving

  3. A solution is a homogeneous mixture. The components are not chemically combined and retain their original properties. Example: Sugar water – still tastes sweet

  4. Solutions A solution is made up of a solute and solvent. • Solute:a dissolved substance • Solvent:the most abundant component of a solution, what does the dissolving

  5. Water is called the “universal solvent” because it has the ability to dissolve so many substances.

  6. Solutions Recall, aqueous is a solution where water is the solvent. Example: NaCl(aq) Na+ + Cl-

  7. Solubility  The maximum amount of solute dissolved in a particular solvent at a specific temperature. • Saturated:No more solute can dissolve • Unsaturated:More solute can dissolve • Supersaturated:More solute is dissolved than theoretically possible

  8. To make a supersaturated solution: • Add more solute than solubility allows • Heat the solution up • Slowly cool it down This is a temporary and unstable state for a solution!

  9. Factors that affect solubility: • Temperature:most solid substances have higher solubility as temperature increases • All gas solutes have lower solubility as temperature increases • Pressure:only affects gas solutes • All gas solutes have higher solubility as pressure increases

  10. Solubility Curves For Solid Solutes: For Gas Solutes:

  11. Rate of dissolving:How fast a solute dissolves in a solvent – not to be confused with how much.

  12. Rate can be increased by: • Increasing temperature- There is more kinetic energy available to meet the activation energy (energy available for dissolving) • Stirring- Increases the interaction between solute and solvent • Powdering- Increase surface area of the solute which increases the interaction between solute and solvent

  13. Liquid-Liquid Solutions • Miscible:two liquids which uniformly mix together (ex: milk and water) • Immiscible:two liquids which will not mix, forms two layers (ex: oil and water) Non-polar + non-polar = miscible Polar + Polar = miscible Non-polar + Polar = immiscible As a general rule: “Like dissolves like”

  14. Concentration Indicates the amount of solute dissolved in a given quantity of solvent. • Dilute:a small amount of solute • Concentrated:a large amount of solute

  15. Questions?Begin WS1

More Related