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Animal Homeostasis and Adaptations: A Comprehensive Study

Explore how animals regulate their internal environment and adapt structurally for survival. Learn about tissue types, control systems, and the significance of homeostasis. Understand feedback mechanisms, endocrine and nervous systems, and more. Enhance your knowledge and prepare for in-depth investigations.

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Animal Homeostasis and Adaptations: A Comprehensive Study

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  1. Animal Form and Function Basic PrinciplesRefer to pg 217-218 in HoltzclawCh 40 in Campbell and media resources

  2. Side note… • Did the plants grow? • Can we do the transpiration lab Wed/Fri? • If yes, make sure you come to class prepared for AP Investigation 11: Transpiration by reading lab manual. • If no, make sure you come to class prepared for “Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling” (Chapter 48) by pre-reading Chapter 48 along with p. 243-246 in Holtzclaw

  3. HOW DO ANIMALS REGULATE THEIR INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT?HOW ARE ANIMALS STRUCTURALLY ADAPTED FOR SURVIVAL?

  4. Tissue Types • Epithelial Tissue • Connective Tissue • Muscle Tissue • Nervous Tissue

  5. Control and Coordination • Two major systems control and coordinate animal tissues, organs, and organ systems: • Endocrine System • (using hormones that travel via blood) • Nervous Systems • (using impulses along nerves and neurotransmitters between nerves)

  6. Learning Intentions You must know: • The importance of homeostasis and examples. • How feedback systems control homeostasis • One example of positive feedback and one example of negative feedback.

  7. HOMEOSTASIS • In homeostasis, animals maintain a relatively constant internal environment, even when the external environment changes significantly. • Temperature • pH • Salinity All have a set point to maintain! What’s the set point for YOU?

  8. FEEDBACK SYSTEMS CONTROL • Negative (opposite) Feedback Systems • Animal response reduces stimulus • Example: Temperature control • Positive (same) Feedback Systems • Animal response amplifies the change (instead of reversing it) • Example: Childbirth

  9. Negative:

  10. True or False? • The lizard is coldblooded while the walrus is warm blooded.

  11. True or False? • FALSE! • Terms are out of date... • Ectotherms and Endotherms

  12. Learning Intentions You should know: • The importance of homeostasis and examples. • How feedback systems control homeostasis • One example of positive feedback and one example of negative feedback.

  13. Hormones and the Endocrine System Chapter 45 in Campbell, p. 235-237 in Holtz • You must know: • How hormones bind to target receptors and trigger specific pathways • The secretion, target, action, and regulation of at least two hormones • An illustration of both positive and negative feedback in the regulation of homeostasis by hormones.

  14. Hormones and the Endocrine System • ACT OUT!  4 groups: • Oxytocin positive feedback mechanism during childbirth • ADH negative feedback mechanism for water balance • Insulin and glucagon negative feedback mechanism for blood glucose regulation • FSH/LH/Testosterone negative feedback mechanism for sperm production. • 15 minutes to prepare. Make sure you include: • Secretion, target (cell-surface receptor or intracellular receptor?), action, regulation (positive or negative?)

  15. NOW, mini-lesson presentations… • Tues, March 4th • Osmoregulation and Excretion (Ch 44) – Alexa’s group • (Kidney Dissection) • Mon, March 10th • Animal Nutrition (Ch 41) – Gian’s group • Circulation and Gas Exchange (Ch 42) – Melissa’s group • (Heart Dissection) • Wed, March 13th • Animal Reproduction (Ch 46) – Stef’s group • Animal Development (Ch 47) – Evan’s group • Sensory and Motor Mechanisms (Ch 50) – Narissa’s group • Fri, March 15th • (Brain Dissection) Please refer to Holtzclaw for suggestions and points to consider. Refer to criteria.Two full in-class periods to work on it:Thurs, Feb 20th, Thurs, March 6th

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