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Geography News Presentation

Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China. Geography News Presentation . Charles Lui 5D Jenny Leung 5E. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China. Extreme Weather condition. Negative Impacts brought by global warming.

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  1. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Geography News Presentation Charles Lui 5D Jenny Leung 5E

  2. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China • Extreme Weather condition Negative Impacts brought by global warming • In 2003, the high air temperature in Taipei, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan Zhejiang and Fuzhouhad broken the record by comparing to the past century. • In 2004, the high air temperature in Guangzhou had broke its record by comparing to past 53 years. • In 2006, the high air temperature in Chongqing had reached 43 degree Celsius. • In 2010, the air temperature in southeast China had reached 38 degree Celsius and the precipitation rate is low. High air temperature

  3. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • In 2013, In northeast China, which typically has snowy, cold winters, the average temperature was an icy minus 15.3 degrees Celsius, the lowest in 42 years. • Temperatures have dropped down to minus 40 degrees Celsius in eastern Inner Mongolia, northern Xinjiang and the Arctic reaches of northeast China. http://www.livescience.com/26095- china-cold-winter-weather.html • Extreme Weather condition

  4. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • frequency of heat waves in summer has increased and droughts have worsened in some areas, especially in northern China • Extreme Weather condition • temperature • anomalies • across China • between • August 5 & 12, 2013

  5. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • In 2013 July and the first half of August, eastern China baked in a record-breaking heat wave. Nineteen provinces endured above-normal temperatures. • Shanghai broke its all-time record high three times in as many weeks. The current record—40.8 degrees Celsius (105.4°F)—was set on August 7, 2013. At least 40 people have died during the heat wave, including ten in Shanghai • The image above shows temperature anomalies across China between August 5 and August 12, 2013, as observed by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite. • Extreme Weather condition Heat wave

  6. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Extreme Weather condition • Red areas are warmer than the long-term average for the week, while cooler-than-average temperatures are blue. While much of China was warm during this period, the worst of the heat wave was concentrated near the coast and in Tibet. This weather pattern is tied to a subtropical high-pressure system parked over southern China. • The heat wave was likely worst in China’s cities, where manmade surfaces absorb heat during the day and cool slowly at night. As a result, cities are warmer during the day and slower to cool at night, making an extended heat wave more uncomfortable, and more deadly, in a city. • http://climate.nasa.gov/news/969 Heat wave

  7. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • In 2013 August, 26 rivers had been cut off, 65 reservoirs dried up and 1,100 others left with dead storage levels in central China's Hubei Province, dubbed "the land of a thousand lakes“. • Of those affected, about 4.3 million people live in Guizhou and Hunan provinces, and the rest are in Hubei, Jiangxi and Zhejiang provinces and Chongqing Municipality. • The drought has caused direct economic losses of 12.1 billion yuan (1.98 billion U.S. dollars) and affected about 2.09 million hectares of farmland, including 350,000 hectares that have been left unharvestable. • http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-08/06/c_132607372.htm • Extreme Weather condition Drought

  8. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • the snow disaster has became more frequent • In November 2013, 50,000 people were mobilized to clear snow in Harbin, capital of Northeast China's Heilongjiang province, after the worst snowstorm in 50 years hit the city for 60 hours. • Average daily snowfall in the city proper reached 11.4 mm, the highest level recorded since 1961 when consecutive weather recording began in the city. • Residents, police and volunteers helped to clear snow and ice on the streets, and special snow clearing machines and vehicles were also mobilized • Extreme Weather condition Snow disaster

  9. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Education authorities requested that all kindergartens, primary and high schools in the urban area close as the accumulated snow on streets exceeded 10 cm in some areas. • The National Meteorological Center on Tuesday issued a blue alert for snowstorms, forecasting continuous snow in the eastern part of Heilongjiang for the next 24 hours. Snowfall is expected to reach 10 to 14 mm. • http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2013-11/19/content_17115820.htm • Extreme Weather condition Snow disaster

  10. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • heavy precipitation has increased in nothwest China and caused flooding • Ten rounds of rainfall have battered north China's Shandong Province since the beginning of July. • The province received 328.1 mm of rainfall in July, a 50-year high. • The heavy rains severely affected 399,000 people and destroyed 440 houses in Shandong. • In arid northwest China, Gansu Province received double the average annual precipitation recorded for the past 30 years in July. • Arid northwest China is more vulnerable to rainstorm-triggered landslides and torrential flooding, and people there have been warned to enhance their awareness of flood and waterlogging prevention • Extreme Weather condition Heavy Precipitation

  11. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Twenty-four people died and one person was reported missing after rainstorm-triggered floods and flows of mud and rock hit Tianshui City in Gansu on July 25. • Four rounds of downpours swept Tianshui City in July, triggering floods, landslides and mud-rock flows in seven townships and affecting 1.22 million people. • there is a trend of increasing extreme weather events in summer • http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-08/06/c_132607372.htm • Extreme Weather condition Heavy Precipitation

  12. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Extreme natural disaster Melting Glaciers • Since the 19th century, the average temperature in China increased 0.5~0.8 degrees Celsius.  • The phenomenon of rising surface temperatures in China is most significant in the Himalayan Mountain region. The air temperature of the Tibetan Plateau is now increasing at the rate of 0.3 degrees Celsius every ten years. • Temperature rise of 4 degrees Celsius could trigger rapid melting of glaciers on a global scale.  The shrinking of these glaciers leads to: flooding from glacial lakes into the upper reaches of the Yangtze River lower volume of water in the Yangtze's downstream areas.

  13. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Extreme Natural disaster • Glaciers melting in the Himalayas could lead to the overflow of 200 glacial lakes and produce large-scale flooding and mudslides in mountainous areas.  • Areas along the Sichuan-Tibet Highway (Chuan Zhang Gong Lu), the upstream region of Yarkand River, the Eastern part of Pamirs Plateau, and the middle part of Mount Tianhave all encountered increasingly frequent and devastating mud slides.  • E.g. On 10 June 2004, rapid landslides and massive flooding from the River Yi'ongZangbo in the Tibetan Plateau destroyed major highways and bridges connecting neighboring regions. The massive flood destroyed approximately 10 bridges, 50 miles of highway and hundreds of homes in Tibet. Glaciers Lakes Overflow

  14. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Extreme Natural disaster • The shrinkage of the Jianggendiru Glacier and Toutou River, the source of the Yangtze River. Chinese scientists predict that even if global warming stops, one-third of the glacial area in Tibet will disappear by 2050, and half will disappear by 2090.  • Glacial retreat may cause a transformation in the pattern of rivers that currently feed the Yangtze River. If these rivers fail to flow into the Yangtze River, the natural runoff volume of the Yangtze River is likely to decrease by 25 percent in the future.  • If the Yangtze River runoff decreases, the wetland ecosystem in Qinghai—a major migratory bird habitat located in northwestern China—will face possible desertification Decrease of Water Volume in Major Rivers http://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/climate-change-impacts-chinas-environment-biophysical-impacts

  15. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Disturbance to wildlife ecosystem • Harmful to farming activities and food supply • Coastal settlements • Recreation and tourism • Freshwater supply (covered in book and notes)

  16. Energy Consumption Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Global warming leads to higher temperatures, longer summer months and a greater number of heat wave. • People tend to use air conditioners or fans longer and refrigerator more intensely. • E.g. Power consumption exceeded 50 billion kwh in July in neighboring Jiangsu Province, the highest among all provinces, partly due to the wide use of air-conditioners (http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013- 08/06/c_132607372.htm) • As a result, energy consumption and burning of fossil fuels for generating electricity increase.More money is needed to pay for electricity fee. • Vicious cycle

  17. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China Negative Impacts brought by global warming • Since there is more frequent extreme climate events and disasters, more money is needed for relief work • More money are needed to solve the problem caused by global warming (as mentioned above),it may take heavy financial burden to the Chinese government, and finally lead to China’s economic loss. Economic Loss

  18. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The Stance of China in mitigation of Global Warming 目前，中國二氧化碳排放總量大，增長速度快，減排壓力很大。但是，中國選擇了既對自己負責，又要對世界負責﹔既對當代人負責，又要對后代負責的態度，以實際行動履行著一個發展中大國的義務和責任。1.中國仍然是發展中大國。2008年，中國人均GDP剛剛突破3000美元，世界排名106位，廣大人民物質文化生活離中等發達國家水平還有一定距離，按2008年農村貧困標准1196元測算，年末農村貧困人口為4007萬人。中國人口眾多，每年淨增7000多萬人，消費需求大。同時，仍然存在較大的城鄉差距、地區差距。2.中國仍處在工業化中期后半段，人均碳排放量低。雖然中國各個省所處的工業化階段不一樣，有的已經完成工業化，有的甚至還在前工業化階段，但整體而言，目前處在工業化中期的后半階段。2008年，中國第三產業增加值佔GDP比重為40.1%，低於第二產業比重。2009年上半年，中國第三產業增加值佔GDP比重為41.3%，低於第二產業比重。而美國已完成工業化，其第三產業產值佔GDP比重超過80%。世界銀行的研究表明，目前世界年人均碳排放量為4.3噸，中國為4.1噸，美國為19噸，遠低於發達國家。

  19. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The Stance of China in mitigation of Global Warming 3.中國節能減排工作起步晚，“碳捕獲、碳儲存、碳利用”等技術較落后。作為發展中國家，中國工業化起步於20世紀50年代，真正快速的時期是改革開放后。由於起步晚，中國的節能減排技術研究進程慢、水平低。另一方面，受較低的人均財政收入制約，中國人均節能減排資金量投入較少，現階段中國“碳捕獲、碳儲存、碳利用”等技術較落后。4.中國已經並正在為減排做出積極努力。近些年來，中國本著對世界負責，對自己負責任的態度，為應對氣候變化做出了積極努力。2007年，中國成立了“國家應對氣候變化領導小組”，開始實施《中國應對氣候變化國家方案》。2009年8月，中國全國人大常委會通過《全國人大常委會關於積極應對氣候變化的決議》。

  20. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The Stance of China in mitigation of Global Warming 5.中國為減少碳排放所做的巨大貢獻。一方面，中國節能減排工作取得顯著成績。國家發改委應付氣候變化司表示，中國如果能實現“十一五”期間的節能減排目標，將節能20%，減少16億噸二氧化碳排放，這在國際上是貢獻最大的一個國家目標。另一方面，公眾的環保意識增強。據中國環境文化促進會的調查，自該組織開展公眾環保意識調查以來，2006—2008年環境污染問題的關注比例連續三次進入前三名，調查還顯示公眾的環保意識和支付意願也在逐步提高。 http://theory.people.com.cn/BIG5/41038/10578937.html

  21. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The Stance of China in mitigation of Global Warming • China’s carbon emission rate→high • Such rate continue to increase rapidly • Therefore→Face great pressure to reduce emission→combat climate Change • However China should be responsible to: • -China itself • -The whole world • -Present generation • -Next generation • China→developing country • Have Solid Actions to fulfill their duties and responsibilities?

  22. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China 1. Although High GDP per capita GDP low Problem faced by China: Poverty problem is rural area serious Large population, Large consumption Rural-urban disparity, regional disparity 2. China—world factory Industrial development in China→still rapid China still rely on industrial development Essential for China to continue to develop its secondary/ manufacturing industry Although high carbon emission Low per capita carbon emission

  23. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China 3. China→starts slowly in carbon emission reduction - Development→Still left behind Due to: -lack of technology -lack of capital 4. China actually quite active→combat climate change Attitude: Responsible to itself Responsible to the world Set up policies →reduce carbon emission and combat climate change Government take initiative role to start off 5. China→Great effort to carbon reduction More Contribution in the future - Set carbon reduction as their coming strategy - Try hard to increase public awareness

  24. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China • Adjusting Industrial Structure The Measures taken by China in mitigation of Climate change • Transformation and upgrading of traditional industry • Supporting the development of strategic and newly emerging industries • Vigorously developing the service industry • Speeding up the elimination of backward production capacity

  25. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China • Conserving energy and improving Energy efficiency The Measures taken by China in mitigation of Climate change • Enhancing the assessment and management of energy conservation • Improving standards of energy efficiency. • Promoting energy conservative technologies and products. • Carrying out key energy-saving projects • Developing a circular economy. • Promoting of energy performance contracting • Implementing fisical and tax incentives

  26. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China • Optimizing Energy Structure The Measures taken by China in mitigation of Climate change • Accelerating the development of non-fossil fuel • Promoting the clean utilization of fossil fuel • Increasing Carbon Sinks • Enhancing forest carbon sinks • Enhancing grassland carbon sinks • Enhancing carbon sinks in other fields

  27. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The Measures taken by China in Adapting to Climate change Forestry and Ecosystem Water Resources Agricultural

  28. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The Measures taken by China in Adapting to Climate change Marine Resources Public Health Meteorology Meteorology

  29. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China • Promote Low-carbon Pilot Projects Other Measures taken by China related to the emission of GHG • Continuing to Promote Low-carbon Pilot Projects in Provinces and Cities • Initiating Pilot Programs for Carbon Emissions Trading • Establishing a voluntary emission trading system • Conducting carbon emission trading pilot programs • Continuing to Promote Low-carbon Pilot Projects in Provinces and Cities • Studying and starting trials of low-carbon industry park, communities and Commerce • Beginning trials of low-carbon products • Selecting cities to pilot low-carbon transport systems • Carrying out green and low-carbon pilot and demonstration projects in key small towns

  30. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China • Strengthening Capacity Building Other Measures taken by China related to the emission of GHG • Strengthening Top-level Planning of Low-carbon Development • Formulating and implementing the Work Plan for Greenhouse Gases Emission control During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period • Improving the legal system for addressing climate change • Launching major strategic studies and formulating plans • Gradually Establishing Statistical and Accounting Systems for Greenhouse Gas Emissions • Launching and improving a basic statistical system for measuring greenhouse gas emissions • Vigorously advancing greenhouse gas inventory compilation and emission accounting

  31. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China • Strengthening Capacity Building Other Measures taken by China related to the emission of GHG • Fueling Support for Science and Technology • Strengthening basic scientific research • Enhancing R&D, application and promotion of low--carbon technology • Establishing research and advisory institutions • Participation of the Whole Society • Enhancing Government Guidance • Extensive Media Publicity • NGO Initiatives • Proactive Participation by the Public http://www.ccchina.gov.cn/WebSite/CCChina/UpFile/File1324.pdf

  32. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_China http://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/climate-change-impacts-chinas-environment-biophysical-impacts http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/aboutcc/problems/rising_temperatures/hotspot_map/china.cfm http://www.ifg.org/pdf/occasional_paper6-climate_change_and_china.pdf

  33. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The Stance of China in mitigation of Global Warming http://simpleclimate.wordpress.com/2010/12/01/china-us-conflict-reveals-central-climate-issue/ http://sciencespo-globalgovernance.net/node/23 http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/china-agrees-to-impose-carbon-targets-by-2016-8626101.html

  34. Form 5 Geography - Global Warming Topic 1 - Global warming and China The End

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