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Respiration – external and internal

Respiration – external and internal. External Respiration. How does oxygen move into the blood?. O 2 is in high concentration in the alveoli and low in the capillaries. The partial pressure of O 2 in the lungs is greater than the partial pressure of O 2 in the blood. (P O 2 )

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Respiration – external and internal

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  1. Respiration – external and internal

  2. External Respiration

  3. How does oxygen move into the blood? • O2 is in high concentration in the alveoli and low in the capillaries. • The partial pressure of O2 in the lungs is greater than the partial pressure of O2 in the blood. (PO2 ) • O2diffuses into the plasma and then diffuses into the red blood cells . • O2 combines with hemoglobin in the rbc to form oxyhemoglobin. • Hb + O2 HbO2

  4. How does carbon dioxide leave the blood stream? • Blood in the pulmonary capillaries has a higher partial pressure of CO2, (PCO2) than the air in the lungs. • CO2diffuses out of the plasma into the alveoli. • CO2 travels 3 ways in the blood stream. 1. freely as dissolved CO2 2. combined with hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin Hb + CO2 HbCO2 3. bicarbonate ions, HCO3- (The above are arranged from the least amount to the most.)

  5. The Release of CO2 from HCO3- • As CO2 diffuses out of the plasma at the alveoli, the following reaction is driven to the right. • H+ + HCO3- H2CO3 H2O + CO2 • Hydrogen ions + bicarbonate ions (carbonic anhydrase) carbonic acid (carbonic anhydrase) water + carbon dioxide What is carbonic anhydrase? Where does this reaction take place?

  6. Where did the Hydrogen Ions come from? • H+ will increase the pH of the blood and acidosis will occur if the blood is not BUFFERED. • Hemoglobin acts as a buffer in the blood by combining with the H+. • Hb + H+HHb • Hemoglobin + hydrogen ions reduced hemoglobin • Bicarbonate ions act as buffers also.

  7. Recap • Explain the transport of oxygen from the atmosphere to the cells in the body. • Explain the transport of carbon dioxide from the cells in the body to the atmosphere. • Name 4 forms of hemoglobin • List 3 methods of carbon dioxide transport in the plasma of the blood. • Name 2 buffers in the plasma.

  8. Hemoglobin • Name the 4 forms of hemoglobin and what is being carried. • Deoxyhemoglobin - Hb • Oxyhemoglobin – HbO2 • Carbaminohemoglobin – HbCO2 • Reduced hemoglobin - HHb

  9. Carbon Dioxide Transport

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